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本文介绍在发展中国家用混凝土路面砖铺设乡村道路的直观经济性。国际上的经验表明:日交通量大于300辆车的道路,路面铺设沥青混凝土通常是比较经济可行的;而对于交通量较低的道路,铺设沥青的经济性是不确定的。因此,政府道路管理机构需研究用何种路面材料来覆盖低交通量的土路,经济上最为合算。因为土路的通行不可靠、难以维护,大多数贫穷国家还没有足够多的机动车,也没有足够的土路维护保养能力。本文比较土路和混凝土路面砖路面的道路等级、维护要求和经济性,概要提出六角型混凝土路面砖路面的短期和长期优越性。用数据证明六角型混凝土路面砖铺设的道路路面,对于日交通量大于50辆车的乡村道路来说,特别是卡车数量占大份额时,具有经济可行性。本文以乡村土路作为比较对象,介绍了砾石路面、混凝土路面砖路面和沥青路面在建造成本、维护成本、道路等级、道路用户成本和总体社会成本(道路管理机构成本+道路用户成本)的对比情况;以收益净现值(NPV)来表达道路的经济性评价结果;介绍敏感性评价结果,从铺设成本和经济合理性,给出选择混凝土路面砖的道路交通量推荐范围。
This article describes the intuitive economics of laying rural roads with concrete pavers in developing countries. International experience shows that it is usually more economical to lay asphalt concrete pavement on roads with daily traffic volume of more than 300 cars, and the economy of paving asphalt is uncertain for roads with low traffic volume. Therefore, the government road management agencies need to study what kind of pavement materials to cover low-traffic dirt roads, the most cost-effective economy. Because the passage of dirt roads is unreliable and difficult to maintain, most poor countries do not have enough motor vehicles and do not have adequate dirt road maintenance capabilities. This article compares the road grade, maintenance requirements, and economics of dirt roads and concrete pavements to outline the short-term and long-term superiority of hexagonal concrete paving. Data demonstrating road pavement laid by hexagonal concrete paving slabs is economically viable for country roads with daily traffic volumes of more than 50 vehicles, particularly when the share of trucks is large. In this paper, we compare the rural road with the comparison of construction cost, maintenance cost, road grade, road user cost and total social cost (road management agency cost + road user cost) for gravel pavement, concrete pavement bricks and asphalt pavement ; Expressing the economic evaluation result of the road by NPV; Introducing the result of the sensitivity evaluation, giving the recommended range of the road traffic volume for selecting the concrete pavement brick from the laying cost and economic rationality.