打开上海牌照相机,人们可以看到镜头上有一种蓝盈盈的反射光,这是一层增透膜,可以使透过镜头的光线增加,使底片结影更加清晰,并能保护镜头。在烈日当空的天气,一些行人戴上新型的太阳眼镜,名叫银光眼镜,它的镜片上镀有一层半透明半反射的铬膜,既能反射掉大部分阳光,又不妨碍视线。这些薄膜是用真空镀膜技术制成的。什么是真空镀膜?我们把一张高真空镀铝的铝箔切开来放在显微镜下看一看,可以看见它的截面是由四层东西组成的(图1)。底层 With the Shanghai brand camera open, people can see that there is a kind of blue reflected light on the lens. This is an anti-reflective coating that can increase the light transmitted through the lens, make the negative film more clear and protect the lens. In the fierce weather of the hot sun, some pedestrians wear new types of sunglasses, called silver glasses, and their lenses are coated with a translucent, semi-reflective chromium film that reflects most of the sunlight without obstructing sight. These films are made using vacuum coating technology. What is vacuum coating? We cut a high-vacuum aluminized aluminum foil and placed it under a microscope. We can see that its cross section consists of four layers of things (Figure 1). Bottom