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大田杂草多呈块状或斑块分布。精准农业是现代农业的发展方向,它要求对作物-杂草生态系统进行定量描述并按照杂草斑块的性质(大小、密度等)进行定量的控制。本文对杂草正规型斑块进行了定量描述,即呈正规分布的杂草斑块可用同一的模型来描述,其形状在细胞空间中可以从条形变化到圆形。并将个体生态场概念(Wu,etal.,1985)扩展到群体(种群)。应用作者发展的细胞自动机(Wangetal.,2003)方法对杂草正规型斑块进行了模拟,结果表明:在一定范围内,(1)杂草的生态场随(圆形)斑块的增大而增大;(2)杂草的生态场随正规分布杂草斑块的形状变化而变化;(3)正规分布的圆形斑块其生态场随密度增加而增加;(4)通过模拟证实密度较高的杂草斑块,或者较大的杂草斑块需要更大的控制力(除草剂);(5)通过模拟证实杂草斑块的形状影响控制力,因此杂草的精确控制应该考虑杂草的形状。
Most of the weeds are patchy or patchy distribution. Precision agriculture is the development direction of modern agriculture. It requires quantitative description of crop-weed ecosystems and quantitative control according to the nature (size, density, etc.) of weed patches. In this paper, the regular weed plaques were quantitatively described. The weed plaques with regular distribution can be described by the same model. The shape of the weed plaques can be changed from bar to circle in the cell space. And extends the concept of individual ecological fields (Wu, et al., 1985) to groups (populations). The author applies the method of cellular automata (Wangetal., 2003) to simulate normal weed plaques. The results show that: (1) the ecological field of weeds increases with (circular) plaque within a certain range (2) The ecological field of weeds changed with the regular distribution of the shape of weed plaques; (3) The distribution of the regular circular plaques increased with the increase of density; (4) (5) Confirm the shape of the weed plaque affects the control by the simulation, so weeds are accurate Control should consider the shape of weeds.