自学习健康系统(learning health system, LHS)作为学习患者真实体验的平台，从临床环境和其他健康相关事件中获取大数据，分析数据以产生新的知识，进而应用这些知识持续地指导临床决策和实践，在提高照护质量和降低医疗成本方面有重要价值。作者对LHS的作用模型、组织架构、基础设施框架、核心特征要素框架和研究者的核心能力框架等方面进行综述；建议我国在引进及本土化应用LHS中应整合多源异构的医疗信息平台数据、加强医疗机构和多学科团队间的协作等。“,”As a platform to learn authentic patient experiences, learning health system(LHS)acquires big data from clinical environment and other health-related events, analyzes data to produce new knowledge and applies these knowledge to constantly guide clinical decision and practice, thus contributing effectively to better quality of care and lower medical cost. The authors reviewed LHS in terms of its role model, organizational structure, infrastructure framework, core characteristic elements framework and researcher′s core competence framework. Based on the study, the authors recommended the integration of multi-source heterogeneous medical information platform data, and enhancement of synergy among medical institutions and multi-disciplinary teams in the introduction and localization of LHS into China.