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从苹果树体上分离得到枯草芽孢杆菌 [Bacillussubtilis(Ehrenberg) Cohn]XM16颉颃菌株。室内测定其带菌培养液对 Alternaria alternata、Trichothecium roseum和 Fusarium sp.3种苹果霉心病主要病原的抑制作用均为 10 0 % ,而 XM16菌株 50倍的灭菌制剂 ,对上述 3种病菌的抑制效果分别为 92 .5%、86 .5%和 92 .2 %。其抑菌机理主要是使病菌孢子和菌丝畸变 ,细胞壁溶解 ,原生质泄漏。1997年和 1998年连续两年对苹果霉心病进行小区防治试验 ,北斗和红星品种霉心病的病果率分别为 6 .8%、6 .5%和 6 .0 %、5.4 % ,而对照的发病率分别为 4 8.0 %、4 5.5%和 50 .6 %、4 3.0 % ;XM16制剂处理的防治效果分别为 85.8%、85.7%和 88.1%、87.4 % ,明显高于化学药剂处理的 2 1.9%、30 .1%和 2 6 .9%、2 0 .9%的效果 ;两年的试验结果基本一致。
Bacillus subtilis [Bacillus subtilis (Ehrenberg) Cohn] XM16 antagonistic strain was isolated from apple tree. In laboratory, the inhibitory effect of the fungi culture medium on the pathogen of three fungal diseases of Alternaria alternata, Trichothecium roseum and Fusarium sp. Were all 10%, while that of XM16 strain was 50 times higher than that of the control, Respectively 92.5%, 86.5% and 92.2%. The antibacterial mechanism is mainly caused by bacteria spores and mycelium distortion, cell wall dissolution, protoplasm leakage. In 1997 and 1998 for two consecutive years of apple mold disease prevention and control of cell culture, Beidou and Hongxing varieties of mold heart disease disease rates were 6.8%, 6.5% and 6. 0%, 5.4%, respectively, while the control The incidences of XM16 treatment were 85.8%, 85.7% and 88.1%, 87.4%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of chemical treatment of 1.9% %, 30.1% and 26.9%, 20.9% of the results; two years of test results are basically the same.