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以研究如何评价作业林分的近自然状况为目的,以大边沟林场柞树天然次生林为研究对象,通过选取直径结构、生物多样性、天然更新和演替阶段等参数,采用离差最大化方法计算关联系数及权重进行近自然度的计算与评价。结果表明:标准地1、3、4的近自然度值依次为0.682 0、0.670 3、0.660 5,是处于次生演替初期或中期的天然次生林;标准地2的近自然度值最低,为0.497 0,属于人为干扰极大、生长不良的退化林,急需改造。并提出了基于不同近自然度等级的林分改造型、抚育间伐型、采伐更新型、改造防护型等4种经营对策。
In order to study how to evaluate the near natural state of working stand, the natural secondary forest of oak tree in Dabian Gou Forest Farm was selected as research object. Through the selection of parameters such as diameter structure, biological diversity, natural regeneration and succession stage, Calculation of correlation coefficient and weight for near natural degree calculation and evaluation. The results showed that the proximate natural values of standard 1, 3 and 4 were 0.682 0,0.670 3,0.660 5, which were the natural secondary forest at the early or middle stage of secondary succession. The lowest near natural value of standard land 2 was 0.497 0, belong to the human disturbance, growth of poor deforestation, urgent need to transform. And put forward four kinds of management strategies based on different degrees of near naturalness, such as forest reforestation, tending thinning, cutting reformation, transformation and protection.