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采用真空吸铸和真空热处理技术制备了三维连续镍-铝(骨架)增强铝基复合材料,研究了其在干摩擦条件下的磨损行为。结果表明,复合材料的耐磨性能远优于基体合金。主要是由于硬的Ni2Al3金属间化合物(骨架)裸露在磨损表面,成为微凸体,起承载作用,抑制或延迟了基体从轻微磨损向严重磨损的转变时间。同时将载荷分散至各个方向,抑制了磨损面基体合金因塑性变形产生的流失。基体合金的磨损机制为严重粘着磨损,复合材料的磨损为以磨粒磨损为主和轻微的粘着磨损。
A three - dimensional continuous nickel - aluminum (framework) reinforced aluminum matrix composite was prepared by vacuum suction casting and vacuum heat treatment. The wear behavior under dry friction condition was studied. The results show that the wear resistance of composite materials is far better than the matrix alloy. Mainly due to the hard Ni2Al3 intermetallic compounds (skeleton) exposed on the wear surface, become asperity, bearing role, inhibit or delay the matrix from slight wear to severe wear transition time. At the same time, the load is dispersed in all directions, which restrains the loss of the wear surface matrix alloy due to plastic deformation. The wear mechanism of the matrix alloy is severe adhesion wear, the wear of the composite material is abrasive wear and slight adhesive wear.