“提灯女神”弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔在《护理札记》中提到全人护理是护理法则的核心,其中包括满足患者的灵性需求。那么,什么是灵性需求?即一个人努力寻找人生意义、目标和价值观的需求,这种需求可以与宗教有关,也可以是无宗教信仰或者非宗教群体的个人也对生命意义和目标的追求。古今中外,诸多学者针对灵性(Spirituality)的描述数不胜数。柏拉图说:“灵魂才是人的真象,灵魂属于观念界,是人类存在的本质,肉体属于感官界,为虚幻的。”亚里士 “Lantern goddess” Florence Nightingale mentioned in Nursing Notes that holistic nursing is central to the rules of care, which includes meeting the spiritual needs of the patient. So, what is the spiritual need? That is, one needs to find the meaning, the goal and the value of life. This demand can be related to religion, and it can also be the pursuit of the meaning and goal of life for individuals without religious belief or non-religious groups. At all times and in all countries, many scholars described the Spirituality as numerous. Plato said: “The soul is the true image of the human being, the soul belongs to the ideal world, the essence of the human existence, the physical belongs to the sensory community and is illusory.” "Aristotle