目的:创建兔膝关节创伤性滑膜炎动物模型，应用中药四妙散对其干预，探讨四妙散对兔膝关节创伤性滑膜炎的疗效机制。方法:2018年11月5日至2019年2月12日，将18只健康成年新西兰家兔简单随机分为3组，空白组，对照组，实验组，每组各6只。从造模开始的第一天起，空白组及对照组均予以生理盐水灌服，实验组予以四妙散(药液浓度为1 g/ml)灌服，给剂量为4.7 ml/kg，2次/d，共10 d，随后处死动物提取关节液，用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测各组兔膝关节液中白细胞介素(IL)-1β和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平，聚合酶链反应(PCR)定量检测钙黏蛋白11(Cadherin-11)及IL-1β和TNF-α含量。组间比较采用方差分析。结果:经灌胃10 d后ELISA检测实验组兔膝关节液中IL-1β和TNF-α表达水平分别为17.56±3.01、13.32±3.30，空白组兔膝关节液中IL-1β和TNF-α表达水平分别为15.15±2.10、11.58±3.51，差异无统计学意义(n FIL-1β＝0.407，n tIL-1β＝-1.601；n FTNF-α＝0.023，n tTNF-α＝-0.885，n P>0.05)，且明显低于对照组IL-1β(24.05±3.80)和TNF-α(25.07±9.48)表达水平，差异有统计学意义(n FIL-1β＝0.183，n tIL-1β＝-3.280；n FTNF-α＝4.878，n tTNF-α＝-2.870，n P<0.05)。IL-1β、TNF-α、Cadherin-11 mRNA PCR表达对照组检测(2.67±0.82、12.14±2.39、8.27±2.50)较实验组(4.10±1.96、16.58±5.30、12.59±4.65)明显降低，差异有统计学意义(n FIL-1β＝1.466，n tIL-1β＝1.653；n FTNF-α＝4.194，n tTNF-α＝1.872；n FCadherin-11＝1.520，n tCadherin-11＝2.004，n P<0.05)。n 结论:四妙散能显著降低IL-1β、TNF-α及Cadherin-11的表达。“,”Objective:This study aimed to establish an animal model of rabbit traumatic synovitis of knee joints and explore the therapeutic mechanism of Simiaosan on traumatic synovitis of knee joints.Methods:From November 5, 2018 to February 12, 2019, 18 healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were simply randomly divided into 3 groups.six in the blank group, six in the control group, and six in the test group. From the first day of modeling, the rabbits in both the blank and control groups were administered with normal saline by gavage, and the test group was administered with 1 g/ml Simiaosan, all at a dose of 4.7 ml/kg, 2 times/day, for 10 days. Then, the animals were euthanized to extract the synovial fluid. The levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the knee synovial fluid of each group of rabbits were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the levels of cadherin-11, IL-1β, and TNF-α were determined by quantitative fluorescence polymerase chain reaction.Results:After intragastric administration for 10 days, the expression levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in the knee joint fluid of the experimental group were 17.56±3.01 and 13.32±3.30, respectively. The IL-1β and TNF-α in the knee joint fluid of the blank group were detected by ELISA. The expression levels of α were 15.15±2.10 and 11.58±3.51 respectively. The levels of the two were similar, and were significantly lower than the expression levels of IL-1β (24.05±3.80) and TNF-α (25.07±9.48) in the control group. IL-1β, TNF-α, cadherin-11 mRNA PCR expression in the control group (2.67±0.82, 12.14±2.39, 8.27±2.50) was significantly lower than the experimental group (4.10±1.96, 16.58±5.30, 12.59±4.65).Conclusion:Simiaosan could significantly reduce the expression levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and cadherin-11.