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从投入强度、利用程度、经济效益、社会效益和生态效益5个方面,选取18个单项指标,构建耕地利用绩效综合评价指标体系。运用熵值法,结合GIS和空间自相关技术,分析近50年湖南省耕地利用绩效时空分异特征。结果表明:11963—2009年湖南省耕地利用绩效呈现“缓慢下降—波动缓增—加速增长”的阶段性发展趋势,即1963—1977年处于缓慢下降阶段;1978—1999年表现为波动增长阶段;2000—2009年处于加速增长阶段。湖南省耕地利用绩效以经济效益和社会效益快速增长为主要特征,各子系统呈现不同的演变特征。2从空间分异规律看,2009年湖南省各县耕地利用绩效具有显著的区域差异性,呈现集簇分布的空间特征。耕地利用绩效较高水平县域多集中分布在长株潭和洞庭湖地区;大湘西地区多数县域耕地利用绩效处于低水平状态。3自然环境、社会经济发展水平、农业基础条件和区位条件是湖南省耕地利用绩效空间分异的主要影响因素。
From the aspects of investment intensity, utilization degree, economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefit, 18 individual indicators are selected to construct a comprehensive evaluation index system of cultivated land use performance. Using entropy method, combined with GIS and spatial autocorrelation techniques, the spatial-temporal differentiation of cultivated land use performance in Hunan Province in recent 50 years was analyzed. The results showed that the performance of cultivated land use in Hunan Province from 11963 to 2009 showed a gradual development trend of “slow decline-fluctuation easing-accelerating growth”, that is, from 1963 to 1977, at a slowly decreasing stage. From 1978 to 1999, the performance of fluctuating growth Stage; 2000-2009 in a stage of accelerated growth. The utilization of cultivated land in Hunan Province is mainly characterized by the rapid economic and social benefits growth and the various sub-systems show different evolutionary characteristics. 2 From the perspective of spatial differentiation, the performance of farmland utilization in counties in Hunan Province in 2009 showed significant regional differences, showing the spatial distribution of clusters. The county with a higher level of cultivated land use performance was mostly concentrated in Chang-Zhu-Tan and Dongting Lake areas; the performance of arable land use in most counties in the Greater Western Hunan Province was at a low level. 3 The natural environment, socio-economic development level, basic agricultural conditions and location conditions are the main influencing factors for the spatial differentiation of cultivated land use in Hunan Province.