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目的:少年阶段身体素质科学化训练是构建体操运动员科学梯队的关键环节,更是运动员后续发展高难动作的基石,而相关研究匮乏。采用特尔菲法、主成分因子分子、模糊综合评判法等,构建了我国12岁组男子体操运动员身体素质评价指标,旨在为监控该阶段运动员身体素质训练提供指导。结果表明:其评价指标包括力量、速度、耐力、柔韧和灵敏5个1级指标和18个2级指标,5个1级指标的权重依次为:0.2703,0.2018,0.2001,0.1655和0.1623。结论:所构建评价指标具有较强的代表性和较好的结构效度,权重系数较好的诠释了整个评价指标的内涵。
OBJECTIVE: Scientific training of physical quality in juvenile stage is the key link in constructing scientific echelon of gymnasts, which is the cornerstone of athlete’s subsequent development of difficult movements. However, the related research is lacking. Using Delphi method, the principal component factor numeration and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to construct the 12-year-old male gymnast’s physical quality evaluation index, which aims to provide guidance for monitoring the athlete’s physical quality training at this stage. The results show that the evaluation indexes include five first-level indicators of strength, speed, endurance, pliability and sensitivity and 18 second-level indicators. The weights of five first-level indicators are 0.2703, 0.2018, 0.2001, 0.1665 and 0.1623, respectively. Conclusion: The evaluation index constructed has a strong representation and a good structural validity, and the weight coefficient better interprets the connotation of the whole evaluation index.