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目的探讨调脂通络胶囊对动脉粥样硬化大耳白兔总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、三酰甘油(triacylglycerol,TG)、低密度脂蛋白(low density lipoprotein,LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(high density lipoprotein,HDL)、一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)、C-反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)水平的影响。方法日本大耳白兔36只,随机分为对照组6只和实验组30只。实验组饲喂高脂饲料制备动脉粥样硬化模型,对照组饲喂等体积普通饲料。模型制备成功后,实验组随机分为调脂通络高、中、低剂量组和血脂康组及模型组各6只,分别给予调脂通络胶囊浸膏4.92g/(kg·d)、2.46g/(kg·d)、1.23g/(kg·d),血脂康胶囊1mL/(kg·d)及等体积生理盐水灌胃,均2次/d,共30d。药物干预90d时处死白兔,光镜下观察主动脉壁病理变化;耳缘静脉采血,测定血清TC、TG、LDL、HDL、NO、CRP水平,并进行比较。结果对照组主动脉形态正常,动脉内膜光滑;模型组动脉粥样硬化斑块几乎布满血管腔,内皮细胞脱落,平滑肌细胞增生、迁移均较重,出现部分钙化、动脉瘤及大块粥样瘤;血脂康组和调脂通络低、中、高剂量组动脉粥样硬化斑块呈间断分布,内皮细胞脱落,平滑肌细胞增生、迁移均较模型组轻;TC、TG、LDL、CRP水平在调脂通络低剂量组[(14.50±1.36)mmol/L、(5.52±0.16)mmol/L、(13.73±0.51)mmol/L、(14.93±0.56)mg/L],中剂量组[(15.75±0.81)mmol/L、(5.58±0.12)mmol/L、(14.12±0.58)mmol/L、(14.81±0.69)mg/L],高剂量组[(15.73±1.93)mmol/L、(5.53±0.37)mmol/L、(14.03±0.55)mmol/L、(14.53±0.98)mg/L]和血脂康组[(15.21±0.85)mmol/L、(5.43±0.08)mmol/L、(13.56±0.83)mmol/L、(14.71±0.84)mg/L]均低于模型组[(18.59±1.34)mmol/L、(8.78±1.01)mmol/L、(21.35±2.52)mmol/L、(17.13±1.29)mg/L],且高于对照组[(1.23±0.13)mmol/L、(1.30±0.05)mmol/L、(1.28±0.03)mmol/L、(3.21±0.09)mg/L](P<0.05),调脂通络低、中、高剂量组和血脂康组TC、TG、LDL、CRP水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);调脂通络低、中、高剂量组和血脂康组NO水平[(86.25±1.90)、(87.23±3.81)、(87.84±2.61)、(87.09±2.84)mmol/L]均低于对照组[(105.40±4.63)mmol/L](P<0.05),高于模型组[(83.12±2.58)mmol/L](P<0.05);调脂通络低、中、高剂量组和血脂康组NO水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);6组HDL水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论动脉粥样硬化大耳白兔应用调脂通络胶囊可能通过促进NO表达,抑制TC、TG、LDL、CRP表达来发挥抗动脉粥样硬化作用。
Objective To investigate the effects of Tiaozhi Tongluo Capsule on total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), nitric oxide (NO), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in patients with hypertension. Methods 36 Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into control group (n = 6) and experimental group (n = 30). Experimental group fed with high fat diet preparation of atherosclerosis model, the control group fed an equal volume of normal feed. After successful preparation of the model, the experimental group was randomly divided into Tiaodujieluo high, medium and low dose group and Xuezhikang group and model group of 6 each, were given Tiaozhi Tongluo Capsule extract 4.92g / (kg · d) 2.46g / (kg · d), 1.23g / (kg · d), Xuezhikang Capsule 1mL / (kg · d) and an equal volume of normal saline were administered twice daily for 30 days. The rabbits were sacrificed 90 days after drug intervention. The pathological changes of the aortic wall were observed under light microscope. The blood samples were collected from the ear veins. The levels of TC, TG, LDL, HDL, NO and CRP were measured and compared. Results In the control group, the morphology of the aorta was normal and the intima of the artery was smooth. The atherosclerotic plaque in the model group was almost covered with the vascular lumen, the endothelial cells were exfoliated, the smooth muscle cells proliferated and migrated heavier, and some calcifications, aneurysms and gruel TC, TG, LDL, CRP were significantly decreased in Xuezhikang and Tiaozhi Tongluo low, medium and high dose groups, the number of atherosclerotic plaque was decreased, the number of endothelial cells shedding, smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration were lower than those in model group (14.53 ± 0.56) mg / L] in the Tiaozhi Tongluo low-dose group [(14.50 ± 1.36) mmol / L, (5.52 ± 0.16) mmol / L, (15.75 ± 0.81) mmol / L, (5.58 ± 0.12) mmol / L, (14.12 ± 0.58) mmol / L, (14.81 ± 0.69) mg / L] and high dose group [(15.73 ± 1.93) mmol / L , (5.53 ± 0.37) mmol / L, (14.03 ± 0.55) mmol / L, (14.53 ± 0.98) mg / L] and Xuezhikang [(15.21 ± 0.85) mmol / L and , (13.56 ± 0.83) mmol / L, (14.71 ± 0.84) mg / L] were significantly lower than those in the untreated group (18.59 ± 1.34 mmol / L, 8.78 ± 1.01 mmol / L, 21.35 ± 2.52 mmol / L, (17.13 ± 1.29) mg / L] and higher than those in the control group [1.23 ± 0.13 mmol / L, 1.30 ± 0.05 mmol / L, 1.28 ± 0.03 mmol / L, (P <0.05) .There was no significant difference in TC, TG, LDL and CRP levels between low, medium and high dose groups and Xuezhikang group (P> 0.05) The levels of NO in low, middle and high dose group and Xuezhikang group were significantly lower than those in control group [(86.25 ± 1.90), (87.23 ± 3.81), (87.84 ± 2.61), (87.09 ± 2.84) mmol / L] (P <0.05), higher than model group [(83.12 ± 2.58) mmol / L] (P <0.05); Tiaozhi Tongluo low, middle and high dose group and Xuezhikang NO There was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in HDL level between the 6 groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion The application of Tiaozhi Tongluo Capsule in atherosclerosis rabbits may play an anti-atherogenic role by promoting the expression of NO and inhibiting the expressions of TC, TG, LDL and CRP.