在洋务运动中,洋务派官僚开办了一大批民用工交企业,这些企业的经营或没有经济效果,或经济效果极差,或前期效果尚可而后期效果变差,或有效果但经济效果大大低于同类外国在华企业。洋务派民用企业经营效果不佳的根本原因是由落后的封建生产关系造成的,这为后人提供了深刻的历史教训。 During the Westernization Movement, the Westernization Bureaucrats started a large number of civil-owned joint ventures. These enterprises did not have economic or economic effects, or their early and late results were still low, or they were effective but their economic effects were much lower. In similar foreign enterprises in China. The fundamental cause of the poor operation of the civilian-owned enterprises in the Westernization was caused by the backward feudal relations of production, which provided profound historical lessons for future generations.