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目的分析佛山市南海区2014年登革热流行特点和流行因素,为开展登革热预防控制工作提供科学依据。方法收集佛山市南海区2014年登革热疫情资料和实验室检测结果,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2014年报告登革热病例2 208例,年发病率为83.54/10万,死亡1例。疫情持续183 d,发病高峰主要集中在9―10月,共发病2 095例,占全年病例总数的94.88%;疫情波及全区7个镇(街)的250个社区,病例主要集中在桂城街道(989例)、大沥镇(669例)和里水镇(335例),3个镇(街)发病数占全区总发病数的90.35%(1 195/2 208)。男性1 026例,发病率为71.12/10万,女性1 182例,发病率为98.47/10万,女性发病率高于男性(P<0.01)。病例年龄以20~49岁为主,共1 222例,占病例总数的55.34%;发病率则以≥70岁年龄组最高,为241.60/10万。职业分布以家务及待业(占17.30%)、商业服务(占16.62%)、工人(占11.91%)、离退休人员(占11.59%)和农民(占11.46%)为主。结论 2014年南海区登革热疫情具有持续时间长、波及范围广、以本地感染病例为主、散发与暴发并存及季节性等特点。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological and epidemic characteristics of dengue fever in Nanhai District of Foshan City in 2014 and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of dengue fever. Methods The data of dengue outbreak in 2014 in Nanhai District of Foshan City and laboratory test results were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 2 208 cases of dengue fever were reported in 2014, with an annual incidence rate of 83.54 / 100 000 and 1 death. The epidemic peaked at 183 days. The peak incidence peak was mainly in September-October, with a total of 2 095 cases, accounting for 94.88% of the total cases in the year. The outbreak spread to 250 communities in 7 towns (streets) in the whole district. The cases mainly concentrated in Guicheng The number of incidences in the streets (989 cases), Dali (669 cases) and Lishui (335 cases) and three towns (streets) accounted for 90.35% (1 195/2 208) of the total number of cases in the district. There were 1 026 males, with an incidence rate of 71.12 per 100 000 females and a total of 1 182 females, with an incidence rate of 98.47 per 100 000. The incidence of females was higher than that of males (P <0.01). The age of cases was mainly 20 to 49 years, a total of 1 222 cases, accounting for 55.34% of the total cases; the incidence was highest in the group of ≥70 years old, 241.60 / 100000. Occupation distribution mainly consists of household and unemployed (17.30%), commercial service (16.62%), workers (11.91%), retirees (11.59%) and peasants (11.46%). Conclusion The epidemic situation of dengue in the South China Sea in 2014 is characterized by long duration, wide spread, mainly local cases of infection, exuviaration and outbreak and seasonal variations.