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肿瘤和炎症之间的相互关系一直是长期争议的焦点。大量流行病学研究已经证实多种肿瘤与慢性炎症相关，即慢性炎症增加了罹患肿瘤的风险并促进了肿瘤的进展。肝细胞癌是典型代表，机体在感染因素（乙型肝炎病毒或丙型肝炎病毒）以及非感染因素（酒精、黄曲霉素的体内蓄积及代谢性疾病）的长期刺激下形成了一种慢性炎症状态，在这种背景下有利于促进肝癌的发生、发展及转移。但是肝癌和慢性炎症之间的分子机制尚未完全清楚，本文将从肿瘤炎症微环境、炎症相关信号通路以及临床上与预后相关的系统炎症指标等方面，就慢性炎症和肝细胞癌之间关系的研究进展作一综述。“,”The relationship between tumor and inflammation has been the focus of controversy for a long time. A large number of epidemiological studies have identified a wide variety of tumor associated with chronic inflammation. Chronic inflammation increases the risk of suffering from cancer and promotes the progress of tumor. The body has formed a state of chronic inflammation in the long-term stimulation of the infectious( hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus) or noninfectious factors( chronic alcoholism,the accumulation of aflatoxin and metabolic diseases). It is favourable to promote the occurrence,development and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma under this background. But the molecular mechanism between hepatocellular carcinoma and chronic inflammation is not fully clear. This paper reviews the current situation and research progress on the relationship between hepatocellular carcinoma and chronic inflammation in terms of tumor microenvironment,inflammation related signaling pathways and clinical prognosis index of systemic inflammation.