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为明确甜玉米间作不同作物对害虫的控制作用,采用目测法系统调查了甜玉米单作、甜玉米与绿豆、菜豆、甘薯或花生间作生境玉米主要害虫和天敌种群发生动态,并比较了不同生境亚洲玉米螟的为害情况。间作生境中捕食性天敌蜘蛛和瓢虫类群的个体数量均明显增加,其中甜玉米间作绿豆或甘薯生境蜘蛛类群增长21%以上,瓢虫类群增长83%以上,显著高于甜玉米单作生境;不同生境间玉米螟赤眼蜂发生量差异不显著,对亚洲玉米螟卵的寄生率均达到86%以上。间作生境玉米生育期内亚洲玉米螟落卵量、斜纹夜蛾及玉米蚜发生量均与甜玉米单作无显著差异,但收获期甜玉米间作生境玉米螟为害率低于单作生境,其中以甜玉米间作绿豆生境最低,总蛀孔数和活虫数分别比单作生境下降55.72%和76.70%。表明间作不同作物对甜玉米田具有一定的控害增益作用。
In order to clarify the control effect of different crops on pests, the visual system was used to investigate the population dynamics of main pests and natural enemies of corn in intercropping sweet corn monocrops, sweet corn and mung bean, bean, sweet potato or peanut intercropping habitats. Asian corn borer damage situation. Intercropping habitat habitat natural enemies spiders and ladybugs were significantly increased in the number of individuals, including sweet corn intercropping mung bean or sweet potato habitat spider groups increased by more than 21%, ladybugs more than 83%, significantly higher than the sweet corn single habitat; There was no significant difference in the occurrence of Trichogramma ostriniae between different habitats, and the parasitism rate to Asian corn borer eggs reached more than 86%. Intercropping habitat corn growth period of Asian corn borer, spodoptera and corn aphid occurrence were not significantly different from sweet corn, but the intercropping sweet corn intercropping corn borer rate was lower than single habitat, in which The intercropping of sweet corn with mung bean habitat was the lowest, the total number of moth holes and live insects decreased by 55.72% and 76.70% respectively compared with the single habitat. It indicated that intercropping different crops had a certain controlling and gaining effect on sweet corn field.