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乙醛脱氢酶2(ALDH2)是存在于线粒体内的广泛参与体内醛类物质氧化的一种醛类氧化酶。ALDH2是一种硝酸还原酶,ALDH2野生型可能通过此途径产生更多的一氧化氮使血管内皮发生损伤,从而增加脑梗死的发生率。ALDH2突变型患者阿尔茨海默病的发病率更高。ALDH2的失活导致乙醛的蓄积与乙醇性多发性神经病变有关。ALDH2可减轻神经细胞的氧化应激损伤,对神经保护的研究具有重要的意义。因此,研究ALDH2的基因多态性及激活ALDH2将为神经退行性变疾病的治疗提供新的思路。
Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is an aldehyde oxidase that is present in the mitochondria and is widely involved in the oxidation of aldehydes in the body. ALDH2 is a nitrate reductase, ALDH2 wild-type may produce more nitric oxide through this pathway to damage the vascular endothelium, thereby increasing the incidence of cerebral infarction. Patients with ALDH2 mutations have a higher incidence of Alzheimer’s disease. Inactivation of ALDH2 results in the accumulation of acetaldehyde associated with ethanolic polyneuropathy. ALDH2 can reduce the oxidative stress damage of nerve cells, which is of great significance to the study of neuroprotection. Therefore, studying ALDH2 gene polymorphism and activating ALDH2 will provide a new idea for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.