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目的：探讨辅助生殖技术过程中，Y染色体长度异常的影响机制，分析Y染色体长度异常与精子凋亡和生殖结局的相关性。方法将研究对象分为A组（大Y组），B组（小Y组）以及C组（对照组），分别为28例、16例及30例。采用磷脂结合蛋白V（Annexin V）/碘化丙啶（Propidium iodide, PI）精子染色，通过流式细胞仪（FCM）检测精子亚群所占的比例。结果（1）男性年龄、精液量、密度、活率以及AN-/PI-在3组中分布无差异；B组与C组相比，AN+/PI-和AN/PI+有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；（2）以AN+/PI-值为20%分组，A，B，C组受精率、临床妊娠率以及早期胚胎丢失率在2组中均无统计学差异；但AN+/PI-≥20%，B组与C组相比，临床妊娠率有统计学差异（P＜0.05）。结论大Y染色体与精子凋亡无明显相关性，小Y可能与精子凋亡相关并影响生殖结局。“,”Objective To explore the effects of abnormal lengthy Y chromosome on reproductive outcome and sperm apotosis and analyze their relationship. Methods The object of study were divided into three groups including Group A (big Y chromosome), Group B (small Y chromosome) and Group C (controls). DNA fragmentation was stained by Annexin V/PI assay,the results were analyze by flow cytometry (FCM)to determine the ratio of AN-/PI-, AN+/ PI- and AN/PI+. Results (1)No significant differences were found in male age ,sperm volume, parameters and AN-/PI- among three groups;there were significant difference in AN+/PI- and AN/PI+ between Group B and Goup C (P<0.05). (2)There was no changes in fertilization rate, clinical pregnancy rate and early pregnancy loss rate among three groups; however, for AN+/PI-≥20% ,implantation rate was significantly differece between group B and group C (P<0.05). Conclusion Big Y chromosome had no correlation with sperm apoptosis, while small Y chromosome may be related with sperm apoptosis and reproductive outcome.