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清代承袭历代祭孔礼制,在仪典、规制等方面逐渐完备和提升。康熙帝、乾隆帝亲至京师太学和阙里孔庙参与祭孔活动,使国家祭孔达于极致。在此过程中,孔子嫡裔衍圣公或是前往京师观礼、听讲,或是接引皇帝进入阙里孔庙,扮演了重要的陪祀角色。清廷将衍圣公纳入祭孔仪典,旨在通过其特殊的“圣裔”身份,来宣示礼奉先师、崇儒重道的治国理念,具有深刻的政治和文化意蕴。衍圣公在观礼、听讲和接引之余,也沟通庙墙内外,进一步广布了清廷的文教政策和统治思想。
The Qing Dynasty inherited the ceremonies of sacrificial ceremonies in ancient dynasties, and gradually became more complete and improved in ceremonies and regulations. Emperor Kangxi, Qianlong emperor to the Imperial College and the Temple in the temple to participate in sacrificial activities, so that the national sacrificial offering up to the extreme. In the process, Confucius’s ancestor Yan Gong Gong or go to the capital to observe, listen, or lead the emperor to enter the Confucius Temple, played an important sacrificial ritual. The Qing court incorporated Shengyin into the ceremony of sacrificial ceremonies, aiming at declaring the idea of governing the country as the first teacher and honoring Confucianism as its origin, with profound political and cultural connotations. In addition to observing the ceremony, listening to speeches and drawing lessons, Yan Sheng Gong also communicated both inside and outside the temple wall and further spread the cultural and educational policies and ruling ideas of the Qing court.