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目的了解三起甲型H1N1流感暴发疫情现场流行病学特征。方法运用Epidata 3.0编制病例调查表进行数据录入,用SPSS13.0对数据进行统计学分析。结果三起甲型H1N1流感伴季节性流行性感冒疫情患者的临床症状以发热、咳嗽、头痛、咽痛等为主。三起疫情中,所有甲型H1N1流感和季节性流行性感冒疫情患者,除发热、头痛、肌肉酸痛、腹泻等全身症状外,其它如咳嗽、咽痛等上呼吸道感染症状差异均有统计学意义;三个时段甲型H1N1流感确诊患者症状分布,除鼻塞、流涕症状比较差异有统计学意义外,其他症状差异无统计学意义。结论在出现甲型H1N1流感暴发疫情时,存在其它类型季节性流感、上呼吸道感染等疾病混杂的现象;同一名患者感染甲型H1N1流感病毒的同时也有可能混合其它类型流感病毒感染;随着时间推移,并没有发现甲型H1N1流感病毒毒力加强的现象。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of three outbreaks of Influenza A (H1N1) in China. Methods Epidata 3.0 was used to prepare case questionnaires for data entry and SPSS 13.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results The clinical symptoms of three influenza A (H1N1) patients with seasonal influenza were mainly fever, cough, headache and sore throat. Among the three outbreaks, all the patients with type A H1N1 influenza and seasonal influenza outbreak had symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection such as cough and sore throat, except fever, headache, muscle ache and diarrhea. The symptom distribution of H1N1 influenza in three periods was statistically different except for nasal obstruction and runny nose symptoms, but there was no significant difference in other symptoms. Conclusions In the outbreak of influenza A (H1N1), other types of seasonal influenza and upper respiratory tract infections may be mixed. The same patient may also be infected with other types of influenza viruses while being infected with the influenza A (H1N1) virus. Over time Passing, and did not find the virulence of the influenza A (H1N1) virus to strengthen the phenomenon.