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用原位末端标记、ＤＮＡ电泳和免疫组化技术，观察了经２，４，６和８Ｇｙ不同剂量γ－射线照射后，小鼠外周血淋巴细胞的凋亡和与凋亡有关的Ｂａｘ和Ｂｃｌ－２蛋白在其中的作用。结果表明：（１）在照射后早期（４ｈ～７ｄ），淋巴细胞凋亡率迅速增加，如２，４，６和８Ｇｙ照射后４ｈ，凋亡率分别为对照值的２．６，３．８，５．５和１０．４倍，显示出较好的剂量效应关系。（２）随着照射剂量的增加，淋巴细胞绝对数急剧降低，如２，４，６和８Ｇｙ照射后４ｈ，淋巴细胞的绝对数分别为对照值的８２％，６３％，４７％和２２％，与淋巴细胞凋亡呈相反趋势，提示凋亡可能是急性照射后淋巴细胞减少的主要原因之一。（３）ＤＮＡ凝胶电泳显示，６Ｇｙ照射后３ｄ，淋巴细胞出现特征性的梯形谱；末端标记法显示，６Ｇｙ照射后７ｄ，凋亡率达到峰值，为照前值的１６倍，这些结果与Ｍａｙ－Ｇｒｕｎｗａｌｄ－Ｇｉｅｍｓａ染色所得数据基本符合。（４）照射后Ｂａｘ和Ｂｃｌ－２蛋白的异常表达证实，二者在淋巴细胞凋亡的调控中起重要作用。上述结果为阐明淋巴细胞辐射损伤与修复的机制，以及急性放射病的防治提供了重要的依据。
The apoptosis of peripheral blood lymphocytes and the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 in peripheral blood lymphocytes were observed by in situ end-labeling, DNA electrophoresis and immunohistochemistry after γ-ray irradiation at different doses of 2, 4, 6 and 8 Gy -2 protein in which the role. The results showed that: (1) The rate of apoptosis of lymphocytes increased rapidly in the early stage of irradiation (4h ~ 7d), such as 4, 6, 6 and 8 Gy irradiation 4h, the apoptosis rates were 2.6 and 3 respectively. 8, 5.5 and 10.4 times, showing a better dose-response relationship. (2) With the increase of irradiation dose, the absolute number of lymphocytes decreased sharply. For example, the absolute numbers of lymphocytes at 2, 4, 6 and 8 Gy irradiation were 82%, 63%, 47% and 22% , And lymphocyte apoptosis showed the opposite trend, suggesting that apoptosis may be one of the main causes of lymphopenia after acute irradiation. (3) The results of DNA gel electrophoresis showed that the morphological features of lymphocytes appeared on the 3rd day after 6Gy irradiation. The terminal labeling method showed that the apoptotic rate peaked at 6th day after irradiation with 6Gy, which was 16 times of the pre-irradiation value. The data obtained from May-Grunwald-Giemsa staining basically met. (4) Abnormal expression of Bax and Bcl-2 protein after irradiation demonstrated that both of them play an important role in the regulation of lymphocyte apoptosis. The above results provide an important basis for clarifying the mechanism of lymphocyte radiation injury and repair, as well as the prevention and treatment of acute radiation sickness.