一、气蚀问题早在十八世纪中叶,欧拉就予见到,当水力机械在低压状态下工作时,有发生气穴的可能性。十九世纪末发现,当船舶快速航行时会发生气穴工况而出现航速减缓的现象。但是,作为气蚀问题,还是在本世纪初才被人们发现。随着工业革命的进展,蒸汽涡轮机普遍应用于船舶舰艇,使航速大为加快,1900年左右,首先在高强度的螺旋桨中出现气蚀坑。以后,水轮机叶片及水力机械中也发现气蚀破坏。 First, cavitation problems As early as the mid-eighteenth century, Euler to see, when the hydraulic machinery working under low pressure, there is the possibility of cavitation. At the end of the nineteenth century, it was found that when the ship sailed fast, cavitation occurred and the speed was slowed down. However, as a problem of cavitation, it was still discovered by people at the beginning of this century. With the progress of the industrial revolution, steam turbines are widely used in ships and ships, so that the speed is greatly accelerated. In 1900, cavitation pits first appeared in high-strength propellers. Later, cavitation damage was also found in turbine blades and hydraulic machinery.