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利用合丰25×东农7296系谱法经5个世代选育获得多小叶突变体,并以其作为父本分别与4个小叶正常的栽培大豆配制杂交组合的F1、F2为试验材料,进行多小叶类型的遗传分析。结果表明:小叶数正常的不同大豆亲本与多小叶大豆杂交(3叶×5叶),F1全部植株均表现为5叶,说明5叶性状是受显性核基因控制;不同组合3片叶、3+4片叶、3+5片叶、3+4+5片叶、4+5片叶和5片叶类型组成遗传分离模式存在显著差异,而在3片叶和>3片叶的遗传分离模式相同。杂交F2单株复叶为3片叶和>3片叶的个体分离的比例呈1∶3,符合1对显性单基因的遗传规律。因此,该多小叶突变体牡5796-3的复叶数受1对显性基因控制,该多小叶突变体可作为新种质用于大豆遗传育种及基因克隆和功能研究。
Multi-leaflet mutants were obtained through five generations of Hefeng 25 × Dongnong 7296 pedigree selection. F1 and F2 were used as parents to test the F1 and F2 hybrids of cultivated soybean with normal lobules respectively. Genetic analysis of leaflet types. The results showed that all the F1 plants showed 5 leaves (3 leaf × 5 leaves) with different number of leaflets, and the 5-leaf traits were controlled by dominant nuclear gene. 3 + 4 leaves, 3 + 5 leaves, 3 + 4 + 5 leaves, 4 + 5 leaves, and 5 leaves showed significant differences in the genetic segregation pattern. However, in 3 leaves and 3 leaves The same separation mode. The F2 segregating leaves of F2 hybrids had a ratio of 1: 3 in 3 individuals and> 3 leaves, which conformed to the genetic rule of 1 dominant single gene. Therefore, the complex leaf number of Mu 5796-3 was controlled by one pair of dominant genes. The multiple leaflet mutant could be used as a new germplasm for soybean genetic breeding and gene cloning and functional studies.