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目的通过对上海市某社区卫生服务中心一起流行性感冒暴发疫情调查,分析流行特征及控制效果,为医院流行性感冒控制提供参考依据。方法采用病例主动搜索、问卷调查等方法对该社区卫生服务中心流行性感冒疫情进行现场调查;采集病例鼻咽拭子标本用Real-Time PCR方法进行流行性感冒病毒核酸检测,采用描述性流行病学方法描述疫情特征,应用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计分析,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 2017年1月13日—1月24日,共报告流行性感冒样病例20例,均来自老年病房,其中病房患者14例,罹患率为40.0%;医务人员5例,罹患率为41.7%,护工1例,罹患率为14.3%。首发病例发病时间为1月13日,发病高峰集中在1月19日和1月20日,末例病例发病时间为1月23日,疫情持续10 d,由首发病例护工倪某所负责护理的楼层(2楼病房)罹患率为56.5%,高于1楼病房的8.3%,比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=3.037,P<0.05)。结论本次事件由甲H3型流行性感冒病毒感染引起的暴发疫情,首发病例护工带病上岗是本次疫情的传染源,护工、医务人员个人防护不规范,病房空气流通不畅是疫情暴发的主要原因。
Objective To investigate the outbreak of influenza in a community health service center in Shanghai and analyze the epidemiological characteristics and control effects so as to provide a reference for the control of influenza in hospitals. Methods A case-by-case active search and questionnaire survey were conducted to investigate the epidemic situation of influenza in this community health service center. Nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected for detection of influenza virus nucleic acid by Real-Time PCR and descriptive epidemics The epidemiological characteristics were described by using the method of learning. SPSS 13.0 software was used for statistical analysis. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results From January 13, 2017 to January 24, 2017, a total of 20 cases of influenza-like illness were reported, all of them from the ward of the elderly. Among them, 14 cases were ward patients with an attack rate of 40.0%; 5 medical staff members were attacked with an attack rate of 41.7% , Care workers in 1 case, the attack rate was 14.3%. The onset of onset of the first case on January 13, the peak incidence on January 19 and January 20, the last case of onset time was January 23, the epidemic continued for 10 days, by the first case of nursing care Ni Mou is responsible for the care of the floor (Ward on the second floor) was 56.5%, which was higher than 8.3% on the ward on the first floor (χ2 = 3.037, P <0.05). Conclusion The incident was caused by outbreak of influenza A (H3N) outbreak. In the first case, the nurse started the work as a contagion source for the epidemic. Nurses and medical staffs did not have personal protection and the air flow in the ward was outbreak. main reason.