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目的了解肺部结节患者接受纤维支气管镜检查前的心理状况,为针对性地开展临床护理工作提供理论依据。方法选取2014年10月~2016年10月在四川大学华西医院呼吸内科接受纤维支气管镜检查的肺部结节患者,运用焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表分别对患者进行焦虑和抑郁状态评估。结果 118例患者完成问卷调查,其中52例(44.9%)患者存在不同程度的焦虑,80例(67.8%)患者存在不同程度的抑郁。单因素分析结果显示,性别、内科合并症、肿瘤家族史、既往吸烟史、文化程度是患者检查前焦虑情绪的影响因素。同时,年龄和婚姻状况是患者检查前抑郁情绪的影响因素。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,女性、高中及以上文化程度以及合并内科疾病是患者检查前出现焦虑情绪的独立影响因素;年龄是患者检查前出现抑郁情绪的独立影响因素。结论肺部结节患者接受纤维支气管镜检查前焦虑和抑郁症状的发生率高,护理人员应关注这类患者,并针对性地开展护理干预,以提高患者的生活质量。
Objective To understand the psychological status of patients with pulmonary nodules before receiving bronchoscopy and provide a theoretical basis for carrying out clinical nursing. Methods From October 2014 to October 2016, patients with pulmonary nodules undergoing bronchofibroscopy at Department of Respiratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University were enrolled in this study. Their anxiety and depression status were assessed by self-rating anxiety scale and depression self-rating scale Evaluation. Results A total of 118 patients completed the questionnaire. Among them, 52 (44.9%) patients had different degrees of anxiety and 80 (67.8%) patients had varying degrees of depression. Univariate analysis showed that gender, medical comorbidities, family history of cancer, previous smoking history, and educational level were the influencing factors of anxiety before examinations. At the same time, age and marital status are the influencing factors of depression before the test. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that female, high school and above education level and the mergence of medical diseases were the independent influencing factors of anxiety before examinations. Age was the independent influencing factor of depression before examinations. Conclusions Patients with pulmonary nodules have a high prevalence of anxiety and depression prior to bronchoscopy. Caregivers should pay attention to such patients and conduct targeted nursing interventions to improve their quality of life.