20世纪五六十年代,中华人民共和国各级政府反复禁止农民外流,但从大量史料中可以看出,农民向城市、工矿乃至新疆、关东等地的流动一直没有停止。农民普遍外流的心态主要有两种,其一是在城乡差别明显存在的情况下,怀着改善现状,闯荡未来的心态;其二是怀着摆脱窘境,开始一种全新生活的心态。其心态体现着底层民众与命运抗争的勇气,是一种水往低处流人往高处走的自然选择。 In the 1950s and 1960s, all levels of government of the People’s Republic of China repeatedly banned the outflow of peasants. However, from a large amount of historical data, it can be seen that the flow of peasants to the cities, mines and even Xinjiang and Kanto areas has not stopped. There are mainly two kinds of mentality of peasants’ widespread outflow. One is that they have the mentality of improving the status quo and battling the future under the obvious existence of the difference between urban and rural areas. The other is the mentality of starting a new life with ridding of the predicament. Its state of mind embodies the courage of the people at the bottom and fight against the destiny. It is a natural choice that the water should flow toward the bottom and flow to the top.