技能是个体运用已有的知识经验,通过练习而形成的智力动作方式和肢体动作方式的复杂系统。广义技术观下,技能是技术的一部分;狭义技术观下,技术与技能各自独立,但技术遮蔽了技能的意义与价值。技能熟化是作为新手的学习者技能逐步熟练,达到“技巧”水平的过程,这一过程包括感知、程序化和自动化三个阶段;其影响因素包括性别、年龄、生理与心理等先天条件,后天习得的知识、经验以及职业动机,教师以及学习组织和政治经济环境等。 Skill is a complex system of individuals using the existing knowledge and experience, through the practice of mental and physical movements. Under the concept of generalized technology, skills are part of technology. In narrow sense of technology, technology and skills are independent, but technology obscures the meaning and value of skills. Skill maturation is a step-by-step process of becoming a beginner’s learner, reaching the level of “skill ”. This process includes three stages: perception, program and automation. Influencing factors include such innate conditions as gender, age, physiology and psychology , Acquired knowledge, experience and professional motivation, teachers and learning organization and political and economic environment.