1.引言七十年代至今这二十多年中,国外应用语言学家们针对第二语言能力到底如何形成、受何因素在何等程度上的影响、新语言能力与语言运用之间的关系等重大问题做了探索性的、颇有争议的研究,这些研究不乏实验、分析、推理、论证和辩论,的确鼓舞人心。但是,由于控制变量的难度大、实验的周期长、重复实验的有效性低、观察者的局限性和学习第二语言的直觉体验不同,目前还没有 1. Introduction In the past two decades or so since the 1970s, the number of applied linguists in foreign countries has taken into account how secondary language skills are formed, to what extent and to what extent, the relationship between new language proficiency and language use, etc. Exploratory and controversial research on major issues has certainly encouraged these studies through experimentation, analysis, reasoning, argument and debate. However, due to the difficulty of controlling variables, the length of experiments, the ineffectiveness of repeated experiments, the limitations of observers and the intuitive experience of learning a second language, there are no