一、导论关于何种事物是存在的以及如何对某些个别事物进行分类———这些传统哲学问题仅仅具有学术上的兴趣。例如 ,对于纯粹的特定本体论地位的争论之结果决不会成为头条新闻 ,也不会对非哲学家的生活有太大影响。当然 ,承诺某种本体论通常对我们如何搞科学会有影响 ,因为当? I. INTRODUCTION The question of what exists and how to classify some individual things - these traditional philosophical questions have only academic interest. For example, the outcome of debates about purely ontological positions will never be the headline news or have a disproportionate impact on the lives of non-philosophers. Of course, promises of some kind of ontology often have an effect on how we engage in science because when