目的研究来源于超排卵周期中的未成熟卵进行体外成熟培养(IVM)的成熟、受精及胚胎发育能力,探讨适宜的未成熟卵体外培养条件,探索IVM技术的临床应用。方法选取68名体外受精/卵胞浆内单精子显微注射-胚胎移植(IVF/ICSI-ET)患者为研究对象,比较采用基本细胞培养基与改良培养基条件下,MI和GV期不成熟卵的体外成熟情况;并比较体内成熟卵和体外成熟卵进行ICSI后的受精、卵裂和优质胚胎形成情况。结果采用常规培养基培养条件下,GV期未成熟卵培养失败,MI期卵成熟率为明显低于改良培养基条件下未成熟卵成熟率;改良培养基条件下GV期与MI期卵成熟率无明显差异(P>0.05);体外培养中69.23%的MI期卵和76.74%的GV期卵均在24h内达到成熟,其24h和48h的成熟率无明显差异(P>0.05);体外成熟卵与体内成熟卵相比较,受精率、卵裂率均无明显差异(P>0.05),优质胚胎形成率较低,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论常规超排卵周期中的未成熟卵在改良培养基中能够发育成熟;未成熟卵在拆除卵丘细胞后继续体外发育成熟,具有与体内成熟卵相似的ICSI受精、卵裂能力;虽然优质胚胎的形成率低于体内成熟卵,但增加了胚胎数目,可增加移植胚胎数和冷冻胚胎数量,是一种有效的辅助生殖措施。 Objective To study the maturation, fertilization and embryo development ability of immature ovum derived from superovulation cycle in IVM, to explore the suitable immature ovum culture conditions in vitro and to explore the clinical application of IVM technique. Methods Sixty-eight in vitro fertilization / intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer (IVF / ICSI-ET) patients were enrolled in this study. The MI and GV phases were immature compared with the basal and modified media Eggs in vitro maturation; and in vivo mature eggs and in vitro maturation eggs after ICSI fertilization, cleavage and high quality embryo formation. Results Under the condition of conventional culture medium, the immature eggs in GV stage failed to mature, the maturation rate in MI stage was significantly lower than that in modified medium, and the maturation rate of GV stage and MI stage in modified medium 69.23% of the MI stage eggs and 76.74% of the GV stage eggs in vitro matured in 24 h, but there was no significant difference in the maturation rates between 24h and 48h (P> 0.05); in vitro maturation There was no significant difference in fertilization rate and cleavage rate between eggs and mature eggs (P> 0.05). The rate of high quality embryo formation was lower, the difference was significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Immature eggs in conventional superovulation cycle can mature in modified medium. Immature eggs continue to mature in vitro after removal of cumulus cells, and have ICSI fertilization and cleavage ability similar to mature eggs in vivo. Although high quality embryos Formation rate is lower than the mature egg in vivo, but increased the number of embryos, can increase the number of embryos transferred and the number of frozen embryos, is an effective assisted reproductive measures.