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裕固族是一个古老而又独特的民族,而其研究历史仅为半个世纪左右。裕固族民歌内容丰富,品种纷繁,同裕固族历史和裕固人生活息息相关。而肃南裕固族自治县有东西部之分,东部地区裕固族使用属阿尔泰语系蒙古语的东部裕固语;西部地区裕固族使用属阿尔泰语系突厥语族的西部裕固族语。两种语系的民歌从韵律和语言方面都有着极大的不同点。本研究以肃南裕固族自治县东部和西部为研究对象。民歌是指每个民族的传统歌曲,每个民族都拥有他们自古已有的歌曲,这些歌大部分不知道谁是作者。而以口头传播,一传十十传百,一代传一代下去至今。作为一个仅有语言而无文字的少数民族,裕固族的民歌流传在时空变化格局上呈现出不同姿态,有的已经流失,有的保护迫在眉睫。通过研究,针对裕固族民歌传承提出问题并出台解决方案,在尊重民族习俗的基础上,实现关注边缘族群的目标,通过近距离的访问和记录民族间的团结和融合,进而为实现非物质文化遗产的保护和传承做出贡献。
Yugur is an ancient and unique nation, and its research history is only about half a century. Yugur folk songs rich in content, variety, with Yugur history and Yugur people’s lives closely related. The Sunan Yugur Autonomous County has the east-west division, the eastern Yugu uses the Altai-based Mongolian Yurun language, and the western region Yugur belongs to the Altaic-speaking Turkic family of the Yugur language. Folk songs in both languages have great differences in rhythm and language. In this study, the eastern and western Sunan Yugur Autonomous County as the research object. Folk songs refer to the traditional songs of each nation. Every ethnic group owns songs that have existed since ancient times. Most of these songs do not know who the author is. And verbally spread, spread one pass ten hundred, generation after generation until now. As a language-only minority nationality, the folk songs of the Yugur people show different attitudes in the spatial and temporal changes, some have been lost, and some protection is imminent. Through research, we put forward the solution to the Yugur people’s folk song inheritance and put forward a solution. On the basis of respecting the national custom, we should realize the goal of paying close attention to the marginalized ethnic groups. Through the close interviews and recording of unity and integration among ethnic groups, Heritage protection and heritage to contribute.