产在沉积盖层未变质的松散岩石中的铀矿床,目前有实际意义的主要是后生铀矿床,即那些由潜水型、地层水型和裂隙水型等地下水溶液形成的铀矿床。近年来人们往往用“水成的”这一术语来称呼这类铀矿床。这类矿床大部分直接产于透水性沉积岩如砂、砂岩、细砾岩和砾岩中,而可用先进的方法即地下淋滤法开采。不过,具有实际意义的后生铀矿也可以出现在透水性差的粉砂-粘土质岩石和煤层中,但这时这些岩石必须紧邻砂质岩石和细砾-卵石岩石或者紧贴着裂隙带。在苏联,关于地下水对形成沉积岩中的铀矿床起主导作用的概念,最初是水文地质学家 Uranium deposits in sedimentary unconsolidated loose rocks of the caprock are mainly of epigenetic uranium deposits, namely uranium deposits formed by subsurface water solutions such as submerged, formation water and fissure water. In recent years, people often use the term “aquatic” to refer to such uranium deposits. Most of these deposits are directly produced in permeable sedimentary rocks such as sand, sandstone, fine conglomerate and conglomerate, and can be mined by advanced leaching method. However, practical uranium deposits can also occur in poorly permeable silt-clay rocks and coal seams, but these rocks must now be adjacent to sandy rocks and fine gravel-pebble rocks or to the fracture zone. In the Soviet Union, the notion that groundwater dominates in the formation of uranium deposits in sedimentary rocks was originally a hydrogeologist