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暴露评价作为健康风险评价技术的关键环节,近年来取得了显著进展。特别是生物监测技术的发展提供了大量的人体生物监测数据,为了直接利用生物监测数据评估人体健康风险,生物监测等效值的概念被提出并得到快速发展,建立了推导计算生物监测等效值的模型和方法,获得了大量化学物质的生物监测等效值。同时利用生物监测数据反向重建人体对环境污染物的暴露情况也有很大发展,这些研究将更加准确计算用于风险评价的暴露参数。该文对暴露评价在生物监测技术方面的最新进展进行了阐述。
As a key component of health risk assessment technology, exposure assessment has made remarkable progress in recent years. In particular, the development of biomonitoring technology has provided a great deal of human biological monitoring data. In order to directly use biological monitoring data to evaluate human health risks, the concept of biological monitoring equivalent has been proposed and has been rapidly developed. The models and methods obtained the biological monitoring equivalent of a large number of chemicals. In the meantime, there is also a great development of reverse bioremediation of human exposure to environmental pollutants using biomonitoring data. These studies will more accurately calculate the exposure parameters for risk assessment. This article describes the recent advances in exposure assessment in biomonitoring technologies.