在钢铁生产中,废钢作为一种特殊的原材料,具有节省能源,易于调整成分等优点,因而在炼钢中占有重要地位。目前,我国在转炉炼钢中使用的废钢约15％,平炉炼钢约30％,而在电炉炼钢中使用的废钢达90％以上。由于国内废钢资源不足,作为一种补充,每年都需要用大量的外汇从国际市场进口一部分废钢。从国外进口的废钢大部分来自美国,其次是来自俄罗斯、澳大利亚、日本、欧洲等地区。 In steel production, scrap steel, as a special kind of raw material, has the advantages of energy saving and easy adjustment of components, and therefore plays an important role in steelmaking. At present, about 15% of the scrap used in converter steelmaking in our country, about 30% in open hearth steelmaking, and more than 90% in the electric steelmaking. Due to the shortage of domestic scrap resources, a large amount of foreign exchange is needed each year to import some scrap from the international market as a supplement. Most of the scrap imported from abroad comes from the United States, followed by Russia, Australia, Japan, and Europe.