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Abstract： This paper discusses the neutrinofield in space. The principle that the neutrinofield can form quantum gravityfield is proved based on the fact that neutrino has concussive energy. The neutrino energy density is derived according to the disappearance of solar neutrino. The conclusion neutrinofield is dark matter is deduced， and four challengeable questions are answered based on a simple intuitive physical model.
Key words： Neutrinofield； Neutrino energy loss； The quantum gravitationalfield； Graviton energy； Dark matter
It will be enticing if we can use the characteristics of ready-made neutrinofield directly and develop of linear penetrating confidential directional communication technology in the future. If the energy of the neutrino dark matter in the universe can be exploited and used， it will be much more likely to succeed than thermonuclear fusion reactor ITER， and much better than the existing patent“Cold nuclear fusion reactor”[1].
2. NEUTRINO FIELD CHARACTERISTICS
Modern scientific research has found that the original nebula neutron decay into protons， electrons， associated with the electron neutrinoˉve. The stars also produce a large number of electron neutrino. The average energy isˉWv0=ˉmvc2= 15～30eV = 22.5eV2. Since the birth of the universe gave rise to countless stars. Only the sun produces neutrinos about 1015per second penetrate the human body [3]. Therefore， the space of the universe will be inevitably full of neutrinos. Neutrinos are electrically neutral elementary particles， linear motion of the neutrinos travel at the speed of light. Matter interactions with atoms， molecules and objects are very weak. Neutrinos have extraordinary penetration and diffusion characteristics. They are necessarily similar to the state of motion of the gas molecules， and evenly spread in the space of the universe， the formation of the neutrinofield. The laboratory has demonstrated that the neutrino energy oscillation exists [2].
3. FORMATION PRINCIPLE OF QUANTUM GRAVITY FIELD
From Figure 2 and Newton’s law of gravitation， we can easily obtain： F23 = F32 = GM2M3/R223. Substitute it into equations （6） and （7）， we have kwv2 = 4GM2！kwR22， kwv3 = 4GM3！kwR23.？ˉWv2 and？ˉWv3 outside the two cones are canceled because they are symmetrical. Substitute energy coefficient kwv2， kwv3 into equation （2）， we can obtain：
4. THE MYSTERY OF MISSING SOLAR NEUTRINOS
Be seen from Table 1， the neutrino energy loss of white dwarfs， neutron stars or black holes are much larger than 25eV . This shows the range in which can completely absorb neutrino is much larger than the actual radius of the celestial bodies， it is equivalent to the solar radius. And the formed quantum gravitation has nothing to do with the totalflux vectorEΦ1along radial direction or the radius of the celestial bodies. According to the principle of the formation of quantum gravitationfield by neutrinofield， it is proved that the neutrinos have different degree of frictional energy loss and missing when penetrating other celestial bodies. Take Sun as an example， shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 and Equation （8）. kwvj= 4GM1！kwR21= 2， so kwvj？ˉWv1>> 25eV . They will inevitably lead to most of the absence of the sun as the center of the graviton background neutrinofield divergence. Figure 4 shows the AD， BC and HS， ET conic at both ends to extend the area， the vast majority of missing events can cause a wide range of neutrino. Similarly， in the open areas outside the cluster of galaxies and the original density of the neutrino field all are the highest-energy. From the galaxy periphery， the spiral arms to the central nucleus of the ball， due to the presence of various size objects， the neutrino density and energy are in turn reduced. That especially the central bulge area of the Milky Way， the massive black holes and dense spherical shell-like distribution of stars and debris， the graviton must pass from tens to tens of thousands of years of time difference. Figure 3 and 4 show， in the areas where the extended lines of many celestial quantum gravitation cones sweep， the original neutrino density Nv0 and the average energyˉWv0will significantly be reduced， especially the density of neutrino which are along the radial direction of the central bulge.
In Figure 4， the total neutrinofluxes areEΦ01in both cones made by AO2D and BO2C segments and areEΦ10in cones made by EO1T and HO1S segments. From left to right， the friction energy loss of Neutrinos is？ˉWv0 after penetrating the central bulge area of the Milky Way. The energy is conversed into the gravitational energy. And the total friction energy loss is？ˉWv0b after penetrating the Sun. Similarly， from right to left， the friction energy loss is？ˉWv1and？ˉWv1a.
Assume that the neutrino density of the central bulge area of the Milky Way is Nvr00.
Shown in Figure 4， we discuss the argument along the projection line direction of axis line O0O1 of these two cones. From equations （1）-（5） and （8）， the total fluxEΦ01，EΦ10of neutrinos along radial direction， and because Nvr00< Nvr0， the quantum gravity F01， F10between the central bulge area of the Milky Way and the Sun can be expressed as：
If the neutrino density in the neighborhood of our sun Nvr0= 4.407×1031/m3 is made as the calibration of quantum gravitational constant， the mass and the radius of the two celestial bodies which are penetrated by remain unchanged， then the total friction energy loss？ˉWv1a =？ˉWv0b remain unchanged. On the basis of Newton’s law of gravitation， the quantum gravity value of the celestial body in proportion to the neutrino density in the area of the other celestial body. Such as F01= GM0M1/R201， M01Nvr00/M0Nvr0= 1 in Equations （11） and （12）. Therefore， the significant reduction of the neutrino density in the central bulge means the substantial increase of their own mass， which can lead to the misjudgment that there is a lot of dark matter in the central bulge. Dark matter is non-baryonic matter reflected by the gravitationalfield， so the neutrinofield which forms the quantum gravitationalfield is dark matter. The density of all mass in universe is aboutρ0= 6×10？27kg/m3speculated by modern cosmology [7]. The density of the neutrinofield in the area around the solar system isρve= 3.54×10？11kg/m3based on the average energy of 22.5eV and average density of electron neutrino Nv0= 8.82×1023/m3in this paper. Forρev/ρ0= 5.9×1015， the mass with the density of neutrinofiled is much larger than that in the universe， so make it as dark matter is out of question.
6. CONCLUSION
This paper demonstrates the physical characteristics of the neutrino， establishes the principle of quantum gravityfield. According to the missing solar neutrino， the density of neutrinofield is deduced. Answer four challenged questions on dark matter based on a simple intuitive physical model. Other discussion can refer [8].
REFERENCES
[1] Huang， Z. （2009）. Cold nuclear fusion reactor. Patent No. CN200910129632.7.
[2] n. d. （n. d.）. Neutrino. Retrieved from http：//baike.baidu.com/view/9474. htm.
[3] n. d. （2012， March 13）. Eight famous neutrino experiment： failed to challenge the theory of relativity. Retrieved from http：//scitech.people.com.cn/ GB/17368003.html.
[4] Chen， P.， et al. （1985）. Physical manual for students in university （pp. 665-668）. Jinan： Shandong Science & Technology Press.
[5] n. d. （2009， July 23）. Dark matter and dark energy. Retrieved from http：//www.ihep.cas.cn/kxcb/kjqy/200907/t20090723 2160257.html.
[6] n. d. （n. d.）. The solar system and the milky way. Retrieved from http：//www.docin.com/p-324814333.html.
[7] He， X. （2002）. Observational cosmology （p. 227）. Beijing： Science Press.
[8] Huang， Z. （2009）. Cold nuclear fusion reactor and modern physics.
Key words： Neutrinofield； Neutrino energy loss； The quantum gravitationalfield； Graviton energy； Dark matter
It will be enticing if we can use the characteristics of ready-made neutrinofield directly and develop of linear penetrating confidential directional communication technology in the future. If the energy of the neutrino dark matter in the universe can be exploited and used， it will be much more likely to succeed than thermonuclear fusion reactor ITER， and much better than the existing patent“Cold nuclear fusion reactor”[1].
2. NEUTRINO FIELD CHARACTERISTICS
Modern scientific research has found that the original nebula neutron decay into protons， electrons， associated with the electron neutrinoˉve. The stars also produce a large number of electron neutrino. The average energy isˉWv0=ˉmvc2= 15～30eV = 22.5eV2. Since the birth of the universe gave rise to countless stars. Only the sun produces neutrinos about 1015per second penetrate the human body [3]. Therefore， the space of the universe will be inevitably full of neutrinos. Neutrinos are electrically neutral elementary particles， linear motion of the neutrinos travel at the speed of light. Matter interactions with atoms， molecules and objects are very weak. Neutrinos have extraordinary penetration and diffusion characteristics. They are necessarily similar to the state of motion of the gas molecules， and evenly spread in the space of the universe， the formation of the neutrinofield. The laboratory has demonstrated that the neutrino energy oscillation exists [2].
3. FORMATION PRINCIPLE OF QUANTUM GRAVITY FIELD
From Figure 2 and Newton’s law of gravitation， we can easily obtain： F23 = F32 = GM2M3/R223. Substitute it into equations （6） and （7）， we have kwv2 = 4GM2！kwR22， kwv3 = 4GM3！kwR23.？ˉWv2 and？ˉWv3 outside the two cones are canceled because they are symmetrical. Substitute energy coefficient kwv2， kwv3 into equation （2）， we can obtain：
4. THE MYSTERY OF MISSING SOLAR NEUTRINOS
Be seen from Table 1， the neutrino energy loss of white dwarfs， neutron stars or black holes are much larger than 25eV . This shows the range in which can completely absorb neutrino is much larger than the actual radius of the celestial bodies， it is equivalent to the solar radius. And the formed quantum gravitation has nothing to do with the totalflux vectorEΦ1along radial direction or the radius of the celestial bodies. According to the principle of the formation of quantum gravitationfield by neutrinofield， it is proved that the neutrinos have different degree of frictional energy loss and missing when penetrating other celestial bodies. Take Sun as an example， shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 and Equation （8）. kwvj= 4GM1！kwR21= 2， so kwvj？ˉWv1>> 25eV . They will inevitably lead to most of the absence of the sun as the center of the graviton background neutrinofield divergence. Figure 4 shows the AD， BC and HS， ET conic at both ends to extend the area， the vast majority of missing events can cause a wide range of neutrino. Similarly， in the open areas outside the cluster of galaxies and the original density of the neutrino field all are the highest-energy. From the galaxy periphery， the spiral arms to the central nucleus of the ball， due to the presence of various size objects， the neutrino density and energy are in turn reduced. That especially the central bulge area of the Milky Way， the massive black holes and dense spherical shell-like distribution of stars and debris， the graviton must pass from tens to tens of thousands of years of time difference. Figure 3 and 4 show， in the areas where the extended lines of many celestial quantum gravitation cones sweep， the original neutrino density Nv0 and the average energyˉWv0will significantly be reduced， especially the density of neutrino which are along the radial direction of the central bulge.
In Figure 4， the total neutrinofluxes areEΦ01in both cones made by AO2D and BO2C segments and areEΦ10in cones made by EO1T and HO1S segments. From left to right， the friction energy loss of Neutrinos is？ˉWv0 after penetrating the central bulge area of the Milky Way. The energy is conversed into the gravitational energy. And the total friction energy loss is？ˉWv0b after penetrating the Sun. Similarly， from right to left， the friction energy loss is？ˉWv1and？ˉWv1a.
Assume that the neutrino density of the central bulge area of the Milky Way is Nvr00.
Shown in Figure 4， we discuss the argument along the projection line direction of axis line O0O1 of these two cones. From equations （1）-（5） and （8）， the total fluxEΦ01，EΦ10of neutrinos along radial direction， and because Nvr00< Nvr0， the quantum gravity F01， F10between the central bulge area of the Milky Way and the Sun can be expressed as：
If the neutrino density in the neighborhood of our sun Nvr0= 4.407×1031/m3 is made as the calibration of quantum gravitational constant， the mass and the radius of the two celestial bodies which are penetrated by remain unchanged， then the total friction energy loss？ˉWv1a =？ˉWv0b remain unchanged. On the basis of Newton’s law of gravitation， the quantum gravity value of the celestial body in proportion to the neutrino density in the area of the other celestial body. Such as F01= GM0M1/R201， M01Nvr00/M0Nvr0= 1 in Equations （11） and （12）. Therefore， the significant reduction of the neutrino density in the central bulge means the substantial increase of their own mass， which can lead to the misjudgment that there is a lot of dark matter in the central bulge. Dark matter is non-baryonic matter reflected by the gravitationalfield， so the neutrinofield which forms the quantum gravitationalfield is dark matter. The density of all mass in universe is aboutρ0= 6×10？27kg/m3speculated by modern cosmology [7]. The density of the neutrinofield in the area around the solar system isρve= 3.54×10？11kg/m3based on the average energy of 22.5eV and average density of electron neutrino Nv0= 8.82×1023/m3in this paper. Forρev/ρ0= 5.9×1015， the mass with the density of neutrinofiled is much larger than that in the universe， so make it as dark matter is out of question.
6. CONCLUSION
This paper demonstrates the physical characteristics of the neutrino， establishes the principle of quantum gravityfield. According to the missing solar neutrino， the density of neutrinofield is deduced. Answer four challenged questions on dark matter based on a simple intuitive physical model. Other discussion can refer [8].
REFERENCES
[1] Huang， Z. （2009）. Cold nuclear fusion reactor. Patent No. CN200910129632.7.
[2] n. d. （n. d.）. Neutrino. Retrieved from http：//baike.baidu.com/view/9474. htm.
[3] n. d. （2012， March 13）. Eight famous neutrino experiment： failed to challenge the theory of relativity. Retrieved from http：//scitech.people.com.cn/ GB/17368003.html.
[4] Chen， P.， et al. （1985）. Physical manual for students in university （pp. 665-668）. Jinan： Shandong Science & Technology Press.
[5] n. d. （2009， July 23）. Dark matter and dark energy. Retrieved from http：//www.ihep.cas.cn/kxcb/kjqy/200907/t20090723 2160257.html.
[6] n. d. （n. d.）. The solar system and the milky way. Retrieved from http：//www.docin.com/p-324814333.html.
[7] He， X. （2002）. Observational cosmology （p. 227）. Beijing： Science Press.
[8] Huang， Z. （2009）. Cold nuclear fusion reactor and modern physics.