Islation and antibiotic susceptibilities of bacteria from 122 cases of neonates with normal childbirth were done in this paper. The results were shown that the rate of posltive of bacteria was 84. 4 % and rate of ophthalmia was 25. 9% in the cases. It was not relative to the way of childbirth, but was closly relative to the infection within uterus such as pre-hreak of the amnion or infection of reproductive system of the pregnant woman and so on. The opportunistic bacteria were common agents it the isolations from the carrier and the patients and in which the coccus were great majority Most of the microoganisms from the neonates were susceptible to cephalexin and resistance to ampicillin. It was shown that the neonates with the infection within uterus or with the ophthalmia should be be tested for pathogenic agents and treated timely with antibiotic dependent on the result of the test so that the disease could be controlled effectively. Islation and antibiotic susceptibilities of bacteria from 122 cases of neonates with normal childbirth were done in this paper. The results were shown that the rate of posltive of bacteria was 84. 4% and rate of ophthalmia was 25. 9% in the cases. It was not relative to the way of childbirth, but was closly relative to the infection within uterus such as pre-hreak of the amnion or infection of reproductive system of the pregnant woman and so on. The opportunistic bacteria were common agents it the isolations from the carrier and the patients and in the the coccus were great majority Most of the microoganisms from the neonates were susceptible to cephalexin and resistance to ampicillin. It was shown that the neonates with the infection within uterus or with the ophthalmia should be tested for pathogenic agents and treated timely with antibiotic dependent on the result of the test so that the disease could be controlled effectively.