论文部分内容阅读
现在完成时是初中英语语法的重点和难点之一,也是历年各地中考英语中的一个重要考点。本文拟对2007年全国部分省市的中考英语试题对现在完成时的考查作一归纳和简析, 以期对同学们2008年中考复习有所帮助。
考点一考查现在完成时的基本用法
例1(2007 浙江宁波)
---Chen Jie,the workers_______ our new library already.
---Really?I’ll go there and borrow some books.
A.decorated B.are decorating
C.have decorated D.were decorated
例2(2007 辽宁省 )
---Why not see the film Harry Porter with me?
---I_______ it
A.have seenB.seeC.was seeingD.saw
Key:1.C 2.A
简析现在完成时可以用来表示一个动作发生在过去,并终止于过去, 但其结果对现在仍有影响。句中常含有 already(已经), just(刚刚), yet(已经、还), ever(曾经), never(从不), before(以前)等明确的时态标志。有时句中虽然没有明确的时态标志,但上下文却暗示动作发生在过去并对现在有影响(如例2)。
例3(2007 黑龙江省 )
Great changes_______ in his hometown since 1990.
A.took placeB.take place
C.have taken place
例4(2007泰州)
Taizhou_______ great success in her city construction over the years.
A.achievedB.achieves
C.will achieveD.has achieved
例5(2007 天津市)
In the past few years,there_______ great changes in my hometown.
A.have beenB.wereC.had beenD.are
Key:1.C 2.D 3.A
簡析现在完成时也可以用来表示一个动作或状态从过去某时开始,一直延续到现在,并有可能继续进行下去。这种现在完成时的句子中常含有 recently/these days, so far, up till now,“in the last/past + 一段时间”,“for + 一段时间”或“since + 时间点/谓语动词为一般过去时的句子”等时间状语。
考点二考查 have/has gone to, have/has been to 与 have/has been in/at 的区别
例6(2007江苏南京)
---Hello,this is Lily speaking.Could I speak to Mr Black?
---Sorry.He_______ the Xuanwu Lake Park.
A.has been toB.went to
C.has gone toD.will got
例7(2007江苏无锡)
---Please tell me how many times_______ to the Summer Palace.
---Only once.
A.have you gone B.you have gone
C.have you been D.you have been
例8(2007 江苏镇江)
---So far,how long_______ youChina。
---For one year.
A.have,come to B.have,been to
C.have,been in D.have ,gone to
Key:1.C 2.D 3.C
简析have/has gone to, have/has been to 和 have/
has been in/at 后面都可以接表示地点的名词,但其含义和用法却不相同。 have/has gone to 意为“(某人)去某地了,现在还没有回来”,一般主语为第三人称; have /has been to 意为“(某人)去过某地,已经回来了”。 have/has been in/at 表示“(某人)已在某地多长时间,目前人还在某地”。其中 have/has gone to 主要与 already, just 连用, have/has been to 则与 ever, twice, before 等词语连用, have/has been in(at)... 须与表示一段时间的状语连用。
考点三考查延续性动词与非延续性动词在现在完成时中的运用
例9(2007贵州贵阳)
---When did you buy these new CDs?
---I_______ them for two weeks.
A.hadB.have boughtC.have had
例10 (2007江苏连云港)
---Where did you get the book?
---From the library.And I have_______ it for two weeks
A.borrowedB.lentC.keptD.bought
Key:1.C 2.C
简析延续性动词与非延续性动词都可以用于现在完成时,但非延续性动词用于现在完成时时,除否定形式外,一般不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,而延续性动词则可以和“for + 一段时间”或“since + 时间点/谓语动词为一般过去时的句子”连用。因此,在一般情况下,我们可以根据时间状语来确定现在完成时句子中的谓语动词是用延续性动词还是用非延续性动词。
(责任编辑 胡新秀)
考点一考查现在完成时的基本用法
例1(2007 浙江宁波)
---Chen Jie,the workers_______ our new library already.
---Really?I’ll go there and borrow some books.
A.decorated B.are decorating
C.have decorated D.were decorated
例2(2007 辽宁省 )
---Why not see the film Harry Porter with me?
---I_______ it
A.have seenB.seeC.was seeingD.saw
Key:1.C 2.A
简析现在完成时可以用来表示一个动作发生在过去,并终止于过去, 但其结果对现在仍有影响。句中常含有 already(已经), just(刚刚), yet(已经、还), ever(曾经), never(从不), before(以前)等明确的时态标志。有时句中虽然没有明确的时态标志,但上下文却暗示动作发生在过去并对现在有影响(如例2)。
例3(2007 黑龙江省 )
Great changes_______ in his hometown since 1990.
A.took placeB.take place
C.have taken place
例4(2007泰州)
Taizhou_______ great success in her city construction over the years.
A.achievedB.achieves
C.will achieveD.has achieved
例5(2007 天津市)
In the past few years,there_______ great changes in my hometown.
A.have beenB.wereC.had beenD.are
Key:1.C 2.D 3.A
簡析现在完成时也可以用来表示一个动作或状态从过去某时开始,一直延续到现在,并有可能继续进行下去。这种现在完成时的句子中常含有 recently/these days, so far, up till now,“in the last/past + 一段时间”,“for + 一段时间”或“since + 时间点/谓语动词为一般过去时的句子”等时间状语。
考点二考查 have/has gone to, have/has been to 与 have/has been in/at 的区别
例6(2007江苏南京)
---Hello,this is Lily speaking.Could I speak to Mr Black?
---Sorry.He_______ the Xuanwu Lake Park.
A.has been toB.went to
C.has gone toD.will got
例7(2007江苏无锡)
---Please tell me how many times_______ to the Summer Palace.
---Only once.
A.have you gone B.you have gone
C.have you been D.you have been
例8(2007 江苏镇江)
---So far,how long_______ youChina。
---For one year.
A.have,come to B.have,been to
C.have,been in D.have ,gone to
Key:1.C 2.D 3.C
简析have/has gone to, have/has been to 和 have/
has been in/at 后面都可以接表示地点的名词,但其含义和用法却不相同。 have/has gone to 意为“(某人)去某地了,现在还没有回来”,一般主语为第三人称; have /has been to 意为“(某人)去过某地,已经回来了”。 have/has been in/at 表示“(某人)已在某地多长时间,目前人还在某地”。其中 have/has gone to 主要与 already, just 连用, have/has been to 则与 ever, twice, before 等词语连用, have/has been in(at)... 须与表示一段时间的状语连用。
考点三考查延续性动词与非延续性动词在现在完成时中的运用
例9(2007贵州贵阳)
---When did you buy these new CDs?
---I_______ them for two weeks.
A.hadB.have boughtC.have had
例10 (2007江苏连云港)
---Where did you get the book?
---From the library.And I have_______ it for two weeks
A.borrowedB.lentC.keptD.bought
Key:1.C 2.C
简析延续性动词与非延续性动词都可以用于现在完成时,但非延续性动词用于现在完成时时,除否定形式外,一般不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,而延续性动词则可以和“for + 一段时间”或“since + 时间点/谓语动词为一般过去时的句子”连用。因此,在一般情况下,我们可以根据时间状语来确定现在完成时句子中的谓语动词是用延续性动词还是用非延续性动词。
(责任编辑 胡新秀)