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为了探索覆膜时长和氮肥施用量对免耕垄播夏玉米生长及产量的影响,在大田试验起垄覆膜沟播冬小麦收获后,于2013年6月实施了免耕垄播种植夏玉米,试验设全生育期垄上覆膜和拔节期揭膜两种覆膜时长与无肥(N1)、低肥(N2)、中肥(N3)、中高肥(N4)和高肥(N5)5种施氮量组合,研究了覆膜时长与不同施氮量对夏玉米生长及产量的影响。试验结果表明:拔节期揭膜与全生育期覆膜玉米生长的差异性不显著,不同施氮量水平下,玉米生长的差异性显著,但中肥(N3)与高肥(N5)之间无显著性差异。施肥处理下中肥(N3)与中高肥(N4)之间玉米单株干物质累积量及产量增长幅度最大,分别为53.15g和2 184.22kg/hm2,在N4水平达到最大,单株干物质累积量为400g,产量为13 760.24kg/hm2,综合考虑效益与经济,N3(120kg/hm2)~N4(180kg/hm2)为适宜的施氮量区间,并在拔节期揭膜,是覆膜与施氮的最优模式。
In order to explore the effects of filming duration and N application rate on the growth and yield of summer maize without tillage and ridge planting, The duration of film mulching and uncovering in the whole growing period was the same as that of no-fertilizer (N1), low-fertilizer (N2), medium-fertilizer (N3), medium-high fertilizer The effects of film mulching duration and N application rates on the growth and yield of summer maize were studied. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the growth of plastic coated mulching between jointing stage and whole growing stage. The difference of corn growth was significant under different N rates, but the difference between N3 and N5 No significant difference. Under dry-fertilizer treatments, the dry matter accumulation and yield of maize increased with the increase of medium and high fertilizers (N3) and medium-high fertilizers (N4), reaching 53.15g and 2 184.22kg / hm2 respectively, reaching the maximum at N4 level. Cumulative yield was 400g and output was 13 760.24kg / hm2. Considering the benefits and economy, N3 (120kg / hm2) ~ N4 (180kg / hm2) was the suitable nitrogen application interval and was uncovering at the jointing stage, The optimal model with nitrogen application.