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妇女参政理论是马克思主义妇女观的重要内容之一,妇女参政是男女平等理论的基本内容。随着改革开放的深入和社会转型,妇女参政出现比例下滑,女性执政比例总体停滞不前,所以,妇女参政问题成为政治学、社会学和女性学的重要研究课题。本文的目的是展示参政妇女的非正式支持系统对妇女参政的影响,认为参政妇女的非正式支持系统主要由家庭、亲属关系和其他社会关系网络构成。个体社会网络规模越大,异质性越强,网络成员的社会地位越高,个体从社会网络摄取的资源越多,其社会资本也越丰富。亲属关系作为一种强关系,不仅可以为女性提供物质上、工具性的帮助,还可以为参政妇女建立社会关系,获取更好的政治社会资本。朋友的支持功能主要表现在情感支持、提供信息和指导等方面。
The theory of women’s political participation is one of the important contents of the Marxist view of women. The participation of women in politics is the basic content of the theory of equality between men and women. With the deepening of reform and opening up and the social transformation, the proportion of women in politics has fallen and the percentage of women in power has generally stagnated. Therefore, the issue of women’s political participation has become an important research topic in politics, sociology and women’s studies. The purpose of this paper is to show the impact of informal support systems for women in politics on women’s participation in politics. The informal support system for women in politics is mainly composed of family, kinship and other social networks. The larger the size and heterogeneity of an individual social network, the higher the social status of the members of the network. The more an individual receives more resources from the social network, the more abundant its social capital. As a strong relationship, kinship can not only provide women with material and instrumental help, but also establish social relations and obtain better political and social capital for participating women. Friends support functions mainly in the emotional support, provide information and guidance and so on.