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一、多边贷款的特点自1970年代后期开始,来自世界银行、亚洲开发银行等国际多边组织的贷款积极参与了我国的经济建设。国际多边组织给我国政府提供了大量的低息和无息贷款。贷款的主要特点表现在低利率或零利率、期限长、由中国政府(财政部)统一举借、统一偿还、多用于基础性和公益性建设项目、贷款方往往参与贷款项目的咨询、培训和技术援助等环节。贷款的主要目的在于促进不发达国家的减贫事业和经济增长。这种性质的资金流在学术上通称为外国援助(foreign aid)。
I. Features of Multilateral Loans Since the late 1970s, loans from international multilateral organizations such as the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank have taken an active part in China’s economic construction. International multilateral organizations have provided a great deal of low-interest and interest-free loans to our government. The main features of the loan are low interest rates or zero interest rates, long deadlines, unified lending by the Chinese government (Ministry of Finance), uniform reimbursements, and more for basic and nonprofit construction projects. Loans are often involved in loan consulting, training and Technical assistance and other sectors. The main purpose of the loan is to promote the cause of poverty reduction and economic growth in underdeveloped countries. The flow of funds of this nature is academically known as foreign aid.