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采用硅灰、聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)、水玻璃及KOH等原料,通过溶胶-凝胶法制备有机-无机杂化阻燃材料,并将其应用于外墙外保温材料(EPS)中;利用傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电镜(SEM)和差式量热扫描(DSC)等测试方法对所制备的阻燃材料进行表征,研究其反应机理.结果表明:在碱性条件下,部分水解的PAM可与硅灰形成的—Si—O—链发生反应,形成结构密实的硅质层,并在燃烧过程中发展成片层结构的物质,产生隔热屏蔽效应,从而可提高材料的阻燃性能;适量PAM可使EPS的极限氧指数(LOI)达到35.5%(体积分数),阻燃级别达到UL-94V1级.
Organic-inorganic hybrid flame retardant materials were prepared by sol-gel method using silica fume, polyacrylamide (PAM), water glass and KOH as raw materials, and applied to exterior insulation materials (EPS) FTIR, SEM and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to characterize the prepared flame retardant materials and the reaction mechanism was studied.The results showed that under the alkaline conditions, Partially hydrolyzed PAM reacts with -Si-O- chains formed by silica fume to form a densely structured siliceous layer that develops into a lamellar structure during combustion that creates a thermal barrier effect that enhances the material Flame retardant properties; the amount of PAM can limit the oxygen index of LOI (LOI) reached 35.5% (volume fraction), flame retardant grade UL-94V1 level.