十九世纪中叶至二十世纪初期,上海成为近代中国经济、文化中心,吸引了各地画家云集沪上,逐渐形成“海上画派”。当时寓居上海的名画家有虚谷、任熊、任颐(伯年)、吴昌硕、何诗孙等人,他们中有民间画家、金石画家和传统画家。民间画家们传承美学理念,除了文人画精神的元素外,加入了通俗的平实题材,有借景写意的意义,并且开始有西方式的写生事实,代表人物有任颐、张熊等;金石画家们融书法写意为主,虽也具文人画意或形式,更 From the middle of the nineteenth century to the beginning of the twentieth century, Shanghai became the economic and cultural center of modern China, attracting painters from all over the country to gather in Shanghai and gradually formed a “painting school of sea.” At that time, the famous painters living in Shanghai were Xu Gu, Ren Xiong, Ren Yi (the first year), Wu Changshuo, He Shisun et al. Among them were folk painters, stone painters and traditional painters. Folk painters inherit the aesthetic ideas, in addition to the elements of the literati painting spirit, joined the popular plain subjects, the meaning of borrowing the landscape, and began to have Western-style sketches of facts, representatives of Ren Yi, Zhang Xiong et al; stone painters Melting calligraphy freehand brushwork, although also with the literary meaning or form, more