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目的分析枣庄市2004-2008年全市麻疹流行病学特征,为调整防控策略,实现消除麻疹目标提供科学依据。方法对2004-2008年全市麻疹发病、接种情况进行分析,结合实际提出控制策略。结果全市5年共报告麻疹1 626例,本地户口1 604例,年平均发病率9.02/10万,病例分布广泛,2～4月份为麻疹高发季节。麻疹发病有向两极发展的趋势,0～8月龄和>15岁儿童发病率分别占总发病的21.89%、19.99%。对免疫史的分析表明,1 626例麻疹病例中,有免疫史的仅为17.28%,无免疫史和免疫史不详的分别占57.01%、25.71%。结论枣庄市麻疹发病呈上升趋势,加强麻疹疫情监测,消除免疫空白区,提高麻疹疫苗接种率,适时在重点地区开展强化免疫是消除麻疹的重要措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles from 2004 to 2008 in Zaozhuang City and provide scientific basis for adjusting prevention and control strategies and eliminating measles targets. Methods The incidence and vaccination of measles in the whole city from 2004 to 2008 were analyzed, and the control strategy was put forward according to the actual situation. Results A total of 1 626 cases of measles were reported in the city in 5 years. There were 1 604 cases of local registered permanent residents with an average annual incidence of 9.02 / 100 000 cases. The cases were widely distributed and 2 to 4 months were the high incidence season of measles. The development of measles tends to be bipolar. The incidence of children aged 0-8 months and> 15 years old respectively accounted for 21.89% and 19.99% of the total. Analysis of the immunization history showed that among the 1 626 cases of measles, only 17.28% had immunization history, and 57.01% and 25.71% had no history of immunization and no history of immunization. Conclusion The incidence of measles in Zaozhuang City is on the rise. Strengthening the surveillance of measles epidemics, eliminating the immunized blank area and increasing the vaccination rate of measles are important measures to eliminate measles.