论文部分内容阅读
目的了解广州市皮革箱包制鞋行业的职业病危害情况,为职业卫生监管工作提供科学支持。方法采用分层抽样的方法选择研究对象,以自填调查问卷的形式调查企业的职业卫生管理状况,通过现场采样和原辅材料挥发性有机成分分析的方法检测并分析该行业工作场所的职业病危害因素。结果共调查87家皮革箱包制鞋企业,以小型企业为主(占81.61%),调查的应答率均在90%以上,调查项目达到要求的比率(符合率)为41.52%;工作场所有害因素检测发现,企业超标率为35.19%,岗位超标率为14.98%,检测项次超标率为4.02%;其中2家企业的2个样品中检出1,2-二氯乙烷。结论广州市皮革箱包制鞋企业职业卫生管理状况不容乐观,含有1,2-二氯乙烷等高毒化学物质的有机溶剂仍存在一定范围的使用,应加强该行业的职业卫生监管。
Objective To understand the occupational diseases and hazards of leather bags and shoes industry in Guangzhou and provide scientific support for occupational health supervision. Methods The method of stratified sampling was used to select the research objects. The self-contained questionnaire was used to investigate the occupational health management in the enterprises. The workplace occupational hazards were detected and analyzed through on-site sampling and volatile organic compounds analysis of raw and auxiliary materials factor. Results A total of 87 leather bags and footwear enterprises were surveyed, with small-sized enterprises (81.61%) as the most important ones. The response rates of the survey were above 90% and the percentage of the survey items meeting the requirements (conformity rate) was 41.52%. Workplace harmful factors Testing found that enterprises exceeded the rate of 35.19%, post exceeded the rate of 14.98%, the test exceeded the rate of 4.02%; two of the two samples were detected in 1,2-dichloroethane. Conclusion Guangzhou leather luggage and footwear enterprises occupational health management is not optimistic, organic solvents containing 1,2-dichloroethane and other highly toxic chemicals still exist a certain range of use, should strengthen the occupational health supervision in the industry.