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通过离子交换反应用十六胺对粘土进行改性处理，再用处理土与环氧树脂（Ｅ－５１） 进行纳米复合制备了环氧树脂／粘土纳米复合材料．讨论了影响材料形成的各种因素，并使 用ＴＧＡ、ＸＲＤ、ＴＥＭ等手段对其结构和性能进行了测试和表征：粘土的离子交换量采用 ＴＧＡ测定；处理土的结构采用ＦＴ－ＩＲ和ＸＲＤ进行表征；十六胺处理后粘土的晶面间距由 原始粘土的 １．２７ ｎｍ扩展到 １．７４ ｎｍ；复合材料的微观结构采用 ＴＥＭ 进行了表征；结果表 明，复合材料已达到纳米尺度分散．此外还应用非等温ＤＳＣ研究了材料形成过程中的固 化动力学，经计算得出：表观活化能为 ５６．２１ ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ，反应级数为 ０．９．
The epoxy / clay nanocomposites were prepared by modifying the clay with hexadecylamine by ion exchange reaction and then nanocomposite with the treated soil and epoxy resin (E-51). The factors affecting the material formation were discussed. The structure and properties of the materials were tested and characterized by means of TGA, XRD and TEM. The ion exchange capacity of clay was measured by TGA. The structure of treated soil was analyzed by FT-IR and XRD The intercalation spacing of clay after the treatment with hexadecylamine extended from 1.27 nm to 1.74 nm. The microstructure of the composites was characterized by TEM. The results showed that the nanocomposite had been dispersed at the nanoscale. In addition, the non-isothermal DSC was used to study the curing kinetics during the formation of materials. The calculated activation energy was 56.21 kJ / mol and the reaction order was 0.9.