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以对甲苯磺酸为催化剂,甲苯为携水剂,油酸和甘油为原料合成了二油酸甘油酯与三油酸甘油酯的混合物。实验考察了物质的量比、反应时间、反应温度和对甲苯磺酸(催化剂)用量对酯化率的影响,并通过红外光谱对产品结构进行表征。结果表明,适宜的反应条件是:n(丙三醇)∶n(油酸)=0.7∶1;反应温度155~160℃;反应时间9h;催化剂用量5%;甲苯(携水剂)用量20%,在此条件下油酸的酯化率达99.4%,产物的酸值(mg·KOH/g)<2。用HFRR法评定产物抗磨性能,结果表明:在低硫柴油中添加300mg/kg时,磨斑直径从830μm降至386.6μm,且不影响低硫柴油的其他理化性质。
Using p-toluenesulfonic acid as catalyst and toluene as water carrier, oleic acid and glycerol were used as raw materials to synthesize a mixture of diolein and triolein. The influences of the amount of material, the reaction time, the reaction temperature and the amount of p-toluenesulfonic acid (catalyst) on the esterification rate were investigated. The product structure was characterized by infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that the optimal reaction conditions were as follows: n (glycerol): n (oleic acid) = 0.7:1; reaction temperature 155 ~ 160 ℃; reaction time 9h; catalyst dosage 5%; toluene %, Under the conditions of oleic acid esterification rate of 99.4%, the product of the acid value (mg · KOH / g) <2. The anti-wear properties of the product were evaluated by HFRR. The results showed that the diameter of the wear scar decreased from 830μm to 386.6μm when adding 300mg / kg of low-sulfur diesel without affecting other physicochemical properties of low-sulfur diesel.