众所周知,挪威气象学家很早就提出了表征气团运动的锋面概念。这就是著名的“极锋学说”。他们通过对锋面移行的观察和预报,在天气学的历史上,成功地开创了预报天气的新纪元。与此相比,海洋学家对海洋锋面的研究不仅开始的晚,而且进展也慢。这多半是因为海洋观测比气象观测受更多条件的制约,所使用的海洋仪器,以及所必需的海洋调查,都需要更多投资的缘故。 It is well-known that Norwegian meteorologists have long put forward the concept of a frontal characterization of air mass movement. This is the famous “polar front theory.” By observing and forecasting frontier migration, they successfully opened a new era of weather forecast in the history of weather science. In contrast, oceanographers’ research on the ocean front not only started late but also progressed slowly. This is mostly due to the fact that ocean observations are subject to more conditions than meteorological observations, the ocean instruments used, and the oceanographic surveys that are necessary, all of which require more investment.