文言虚词中“之”和“以”犹如一对双胞胎,在构句表义上有“貌离神合”之趣,充分认识它,对于我们理解文言文的内容有很好的作用。下边,我们比照着现代汉语来认识一下这对双胞胎。在现代汉语中,我们都比较熟知偏正短语,即构成短语的若干词(或称“语素”)中有一个词为中心词(或叫 The words “zhi” and “yi” in the classical Chinese words are like twins. There is a sense of “look-alike” in the construction of a sentence, and a full understanding of it has a good effect on our understanding of classical Chinese. Below, we recognize the twins in accordance with modern Chinese. In modern Chinese, we are all more familiar with partial phrases, that is, one of the words (or “morphemes”) that make up a phrase is a central word (or