行政垄断由于造成资源配置扭曲、内部生产效率损失和寻租成本等微观效率损失以及收入分配不均等问题而日益成为社会关注的焦点。本文就国外对该问题的最新研究做了梳理和归纳。大部分研究证实了行政垄断的低效率,但对以私有化改革为中心的重组并没有获得学者们的一致认同。另外,一些学者更重视竞争的作用,没有私有化改革,竞争也可能是提高国有经济效率的一股强大力量,但只进行私有化改革而没有竞争环境,改革往往是不成功的。 Administrative monopoly has increasingly become the focus of society due to the problems of micro-efficiency loss such as distortion of resource allocation, loss of internal production efficiency and rent-seeking cost as well as unequal income distribution. This paper reviews and summarizes the latest research on this issue abroad. Most studies confirm the inefficiency of administrative monopolies, but the reorganization led by privatization reforms has not won the consensus of scholars. In addition, some scholars attach more importance to the role of competition. Without privatization reform, competition may also be a powerful force in boosting the efficiency of state-owned economy. However, privatization and non-competitive reforms are often the path to reform. Reform is often unsuccessful.