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现代社会的许多风险是由于技术决策过程中伦理缺位所引起的。把伦理思想融入技术决策过程是当代技术面临的重大课题。尽管人们的技术决策总是有意或者无意受到某种伦理的指引,但有意识地在技术决策中植入伦理则至少有三种伦理模式,即价值观模式、功利主义模式和道义主义模式。它们因侧重点不同而适应于不同层次的技术决策,没有一种模式能普遍适用所有的技术决策,但选择一种最合适的伦理模式则是必要的,也是可行的。对于大型技术决策,则必须采取基于上述三种伦理模式的综合模式。
Many of the risks of modern society are due to a lack of ethics in the technological decision-making process. The integration of ethics into the technological decision-making process is a major issue facing contemporary technology. Although people’s technical decisions are always intentionally or unintentionally guided by some kind of ethics, there are at least three ethical modes of intentional implanted ethics in technological decision-making: the value mode, the utilitarian mode and the moralist mode. They are adapted to different levels of technical decision-making because of their different emphases. No single model can universally apply all technical decisions. However, it is necessary and feasible to choose the most appropriate ethical model. For large-scale technical decision-making, you must take a comprehensive model based on the above three ethical models.